视觉工作记忆内容对视觉功能和流体智力的影响  

Effect of visual working memory contents on visual function and fluid intelligence

作　　者：师海宁[1] 陈志翰 Shi Haining;Chen Zhihan(Center of Experimental Teaching, College of Educational Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology ,Hangzhou 310023, China（ Shi HN;Education Information Technology Department, College of Educational Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China（ Chen Z H)

机构地区：[1]浙江工业大学教育科学与技术学院实验教学中心,杭州310023 [2]浙江工业大学教育科学与技术学院教育信息技术系,杭州310023

出　　处：《中华行为医学与脑科学杂志》2018年第6期561-564,共4页Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science

基　　金：杭州市哲学社会科学规划常规性立项课题（Z17JC055）;浙江省教育厅一般科研项目（Y201738572）

摘　　要：目的探究视觉工作记忆内容对视觉功能和流体智力的影响。方法42名被试被随机分为基于Gabor视标的工作记忆组（13人）、标准工作记忆组（12人）和控制组（17人）。控制组不训练，其余两组进行15d的工作记忆训练，每天训练30min。训练前后，采用Optec 6500对被试进行对比敏感度测试，采用瑞文高级推理测验对其进行流体智力测试。结果Gabor工作记忆组，训练前后对比敏感度[分别为（1．48±0．26）个log单位，（1．87±0．13）个log单位]和流体智力[分别为（11．15±1．28）分，（13．46±1．76）分]提升均差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；标准工作记忆组，训练前后对比敏感度提高差异无统计学意义[分别为（1．72±0．30）个log单位，（1．75±0．31）个log单位，P〉0．05]、流体智力提高差异有统计学意义[分别为（11．25±1．91）分，（13．00±1．86）分，P〈0．05]；控制组训练前后对比敏感度[分别为（1．61±0．26）个log单位，（1．67±0．25）个log单位]和流体智力[分别为（11．41±1．87）分，（11．58±1．94）分]提升均差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论基于Gabor视标的工作记忆训练可以增强视觉刺激物的主观知觉表征，达到改善视觉对比敏感度的行为绩效，但视觉工作记忆内容不影响工作记忆训练对流体智力的迁移效果。Objective To explore the influence of visual working memory contents on visual function and fluid intelligence.Methods 42 subjects were randomly divided into three groups ： controU group ineluding 17 people who had no training,working memory based on Gabor vision group including 13 people and standard working memory group including 12 people who received the N-back working memory training for 15 days,and lasted half an hour in every day. The contrast sensitivity was recorded and measured using OPTEC6500, and the fluid intelligence was measured with the Raven＇s advanced progressive matrices before and after training.Results In the Gabor working memory group, there were salient gains in contrast sensitivity （ respectively （ 1.48 ± 0.26） log, （ 1.87 ± 0.13 ） log, P〈 0.05 ） and in fluid intelligence （ respectively （ 11.15 ± 1.28 ） , （13.46± 1.76） , P〈0.05 ）between pre-and post-test. In the standard working memory group, the contrast sensitivity improvement was not significant（ respectively（ 1.72±0.30） log, （ 1.75±0.31 ） log ,P〉0.05 ）, the fluid intelligence increased significantly（ respectively （ 11.25 ± 1.91 ）, （ 13.00 ± 1.86 ）, P〈 0.05 ） ; while the controlling group had no significant difference in contrast sensitivity （respectively （ 1.61 ± 0.26 ）log, （ 1.67 ± 0.25 ） log, P〉 0.05 ） and in fluid intelligence （ respectively （ 11.41 ± 1.87 ）, （ 11.58± 1.94）, P〉 0.05 ） between preand post-test.Conclusion Working memory training based on Gabor vision can enhance the subjective perception of visual stimuli and improve the behavioral effect of visual contrast sensitivity, but the visual working memory contents do not affect the migration effect of working memory training on fluid intelligence.

关 键 词：视觉工作记忆内容 视觉功能 流体智力 视觉对比敏感度 

分 类 号：R338.64[医药卫生—人体生理学]