吴汝纶史学思想探析  

A Study of Wu Rulun's Historical Thoughts

作　　者：董根明 Dong Genming

机构地区：[1]安庆师范大学人文与社会学院,安徽安庆246133

出　　处：《史学史研究》2018年第2期46-52,共7页Journal of Historiography

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"桐城派名家史学思想研究"(项目编号:13BZS005)阶段性成果

摘　　要：吴汝纶是桐城派的末代宗师。他校勘了大量史部典籍,选编的《李文忠公全集》,撰写的《李文忠公事略》、《欧洲百年以来大事记》和《东游丛录》等,均具有很高的史料价值。他认为方志可"为史者资焉",所纂修《深州风土记》首创"人谱",拓展了中国旧有方志的内涵。他信奉进化史观,认为"天演之学,在中国为初凿鸿蒙","此其资益于自强之治者"。他提倡史学经世,主张废科举,兴西学,希望通过"智民"和"强国"来维护清廷统治,并以此为标准,评判当代历史事件和历史人物。As the last master of Tongcheng School,Wu Rulun collated a large number of historical books. In addition to LIWENZHONGGONG QUANJI which he selected, the LIWENZHONGGONG SHILUE,OUZHOU BAINIANYILAI DASHIJI and DONGYOUCONGLU which he wrote had a great of historical value. He considered that the local chronicles were references for historical research,and he created man-chronicle in SHENZHOUFENGTUJI, broadening the contents of the tradition local chronicles. Wu Rulun believed in evolutionism,saying that ＂evolutionism is the early enlightenment in China＂,and ＂this is beneficial to the rules of self-reliance ＂. He advocated that historical research should solve problems in a practical way,and he approved of modern education and opposed the imperial examination,but his aim was maintaining the regime of Qing through ＂making people be wise ＂and＂making country be powerful＂. He judged contemporary historical events and historical figures by these thoughts.

关 键 词：吴汝纶 史学思想 进化史观 

分 类 号：K092[历史地理—历史学]