国外飞轮储能技术状况研究  

Research on Flywheel Energy Storage Technology Abroad

作　　者：唐长亮 张小虎 孟祥梁[1,2] Tang Changliang;Zhang Xiaohu;Meng Xiangliang(Beijing Information Science ＆ Technology University,Beijing 100192;Key Laboratory of Modem Measurement ＆ Control Technology,Ministry of Education ,Beijing 100192)

机构地区：[1]北京信息科技大学,北京100192 [2]现代测控技术教育部重点实验室,北京100192

出　　处：《中外能源》2018年第6期82-86,共5页Sino-Global Energy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“单点柔性支承的高速飞轮轴系碰摩趋稳机理研究”(编号:11402267)的资助

摘　　要：飞轮储能具有快速充放电、瞬时功率大、效率高、无污染等优点,是目前最具发展前景的储能技术之一,其工作模式分为充电、保持和放电模式。上世纪90年代以来,飞轮转子材料、支承技术、电能变换技术取得重大突破,飞轮储能技术也随之有了重大进展。全球飞轮储能技术的研发力量主要集中在美国、欧洲和日本,在飞轮技术基础应用研究、关键技术及制造工艺、飞轮储能产品产业化开发与市场运作等方面,美欧日都远远领先于其他国家。但随着其他国家对储能技术的重视和大力投入,多极化趋势日益明显。在企业级不间断电源应用领域,产品特点是大功率、短时充放电,代表企业如美国Active Power和德国Piller;在轻轨制动动能再生领域,基于GTR技术的1MW飞轮系统已在纽约远洛克威县安装,每日节电1300k W·h,节能率21.7%;在电网调频领域,美国Beacon Power公司已建成2个20MW的储能电站,并投入电网调频运行;此外,在风电与光伏发电并网、航天与军事领域,由于飞轮储能具有瞬时功率大的突出优势,可以平抑负载波动,提供极高的兆安级电流进行核聚变及军用电磁弹射研究。With advantages of fast charging and discharging,large instantaneous power,high efficiency and zero pollution,flywheel energy storage technology is one of the most promising energy storage technologies today.Its operation mode is divided into charging mode,charge retention mode and discharging mode.Since the 1990 s,major breakthroughs have been made in flywheel rotor material,supporting technology and electrical energy conversion technology,and flywheel energy storage technology has also made significant progress.The United States,the Europe and Japan are the main forces in the research and development of flywheel energy storage technology worldwide.They are far ahead of other countries in terms of the basic application research of fly-wheel technology,the key technologies and manufacturing processes,and the industrial development and marketing operation of flywheel energy storage products.However,as the other countries attach great importance to energy storage technology and make huge investments,the multi-polarization trend has become increasingly evident.In the field of enterprise-class UPS application,the product is characterized by high power and short-time charging and discharging,and Active Power（USA） and Piller（Germany） are the representative compa-nies.In the field of braking energy regeneration of light rail,the 1 MW flywheel system based on GTR technology was installed in Far Rockaway,New York,saving 1300 k Wh of electricity each day with an energy saving ratio of 21.7%.In the field of grid frequency modulation,two 20 MW energy storage power stations were built by Beacon Power（USA） and grid connected for frequency modulation.And in the wind power and pho-tovoltaic power integration field and the aerospace and military field,flywheel energy storage has an outstanding advantage of large instantaneous power,which can stabilize the load fluctuations and provide extremely high mega-ampere current for the researches on nuclear fusion and military electromagnetic launch.

关 键 词：飞轮储能 不间断电源 制动动能再生 电网调频 风电并网 瞬时功率 

分 类 号：TM61[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]