农户偏好与“两型技术”补贴政策设计  

Subsidy Policy Design of Two Oriented Technology Based on Farmer Households' Preference

作　　者：徐涛[1] 赵敏娟[1,2,3] 乔丹 姚柳杨[1] 颜俨[1] XU Tao;ZHAO Miniuan;QIAO Dan;YAO Liuyang;YAN Yan(College of Economics ＆ Management, Northwest A＆F University;Applied Economics Research Center, Northwest A＆F University;Shaanxi Rural Economic and Social Development Collaborative Innovation Research Center, Yangling , Shaanxi 712100, China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学经济管理学院 [2]西北农林科技大学应用经济研究中心 [3]陕西农村经济与社会发展协同创新研究中心,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（社会科学版）》2018年第4期109-118,共10页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(15ZDA052)

摘　　要：农户"两型技术"采用是实现传统农业向资源节约型、环境友好型农业转变的关键环节和重要表现。以膜下滴灌技术为例,基于选择实验法设计由设备补贴形式、工时补贴标准、耕地整理与技术指导4个属性构成的多种补贴政策情境,结合调研数据运用RPL模型,估计了反映农户政策偏好的效用函数。结果表明:受自身风险承受能力所限,农户更偏好于不参与补贴政策;农户更偏好于较高的工时补贴标准,以及补贴政策与耕地整理项目的配套实施,两者对农户政策参与均有正向影响;农户对设备补贴形式与技术指导存在异质性偏好,且这种偏好差异可能表现为"反向性",并导致两者系数均值不显著。据此建议:注重技术适应性的提升与保险机制的完善;技术采用的学习成本与额外劳动力投入也应受到足够的重视,而不仅仅是设备成本;尝试与耕地整理等相关配套措施的有机结合;根据农户实际需要提供相应的技术指导服务。Farmers＇ adoption of two oriented technology is a key link for realizing the transformation from traditional agriculture to resource conserving and environment friendly agriculture.Taking the drip irrigation in Minqin County as an example,this paper uses choice experiment method to simulate farmers＇ policy participation and estimate the utility function which could reflect farmer households＇ preferences,combined with the survey data and RPL model.The results show that：（1）Farmers are more likely to not participate in the subsidy policy because of their own limitation of risk tolerance;（2）The promotion of subsidy standard extra work hours and the implementation of farmland consolidation projects will help to improve farmers＇ willingness to participate;（3）There are heterogeneity preference for the subsidy form and technical guidance of the farmers,and this preference difference may be expressed as＂opposite＂,thus resulting in the mean of the two coefficients is not significant.According to these results,we make the following policy recommendations：more attention should be paid to improve the adaptability of technology and the perfection of insurance mechanism;the learning costs and extra labor costs should also be taken into account,not only the equipment costs;future policy design should not only focus on technology promotion itself,but also some supporting measures,such as the farmland consolidation project,so as to creating a better objective conditions for the adoption of two oriented technology;providing the appropriate form of equipment subsidies and technical guidance services combined with farmer households＇ preference.

关 键 词：农户偏好 补贴政策 “两型技术” 选择实验 滴灌 

分 类 号：F302.5[经济管理—产业经济]