2012—2016年吸毒感染HIV产妇及所生儿童抗病毒药物应用情况分析  

Antiretroviral prophylaxis among HIV infected maternities in injecting drug users and their infants in China:a surveillance data analysis during 2012-2016

作　　者：王潇滟[1] 王前[1] 窦丽霞[1] 乔亚萍[1] 苏敏[1] 王爱玲[1] WANG Xiao-yan;WANG Qian;DOU Li-xia;QIAO Ya-ping;SU Min;WANG Ai-ling.(National Center for Women and Children＇s Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100081, China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心妇幼保健中心,北京100081

出　　处：《中国健康教育》2018年第6期499-502,共4页Chinese Journal of Health Education

摘　　要：目的分析2012—2016年因注射吸毒感染艾滋病(AIDS)产妇及所生儿童的抗病毒药物应用情况及变化趋势。方法对在2012—2016年通过国家预防艾滋病、梅毒和乙肝母婴传播管理信息系统报告艾滋病感染途径为注射吸毒的产妇进行调查,并对其人口学特征、初次产前保健服务及用药信息进行分析。结果 1021名研究对象分布在全国312个县(市、区),初中及以下文化程度占87.9%,43.1%的调查对象有过2次及以上的分娩经历,妊娠前已知HIV感染者所占比例为63.2%。调查对象的平均初次产前保健孕周为(27.28±12.79)周,孕晚期或产时占57.2%,2016年比2012年延迟了近5周,差异有统计学意义(Dunnett t=4.74,P<0.01)。HIV产妇总体用药率为78.4%,5年的总体差异有统计学意义(X^2=12.69,P<0.05),暴露儿童应用了抗病毒药物的比例为89.3%,2016年与2012年相比,上升了将近10个百分点(X^2=8.80,P<0.01)。结论因注射吸毒而感染HIV的产妇中既往已知感染状态的比例较高,但接受规范的孕产期保健服务与预防母婴传播服务时期相对较晚,产妇与暴露儿童各自的用药率相对较低。Objective To analyze ARV drug usage and changing trend of HIV infected maternities who were IDU and their exposed infants during 2012 - 2016. Methods Data of HIV infected maternities cases were from National PMTCT MIS. The indicators included demography data, 1st ANC services and ARV drug usage. Results The total number of HIV in- fected maternities who was IDU in this study was 1021, and they were from 312 counties in China. The maternities who was junior school and below education level accounted for 87. 9%. 43. 1% of them experienced more than two times delivered, 63. 2% of them had known HIV status before pregnant. The average week of 1st ANC was （27. 28 ± 12. 79）, the third trimester and labor time account for 57.2%, the average week in 2016 was nearly 5 weeks late than that result in 2012 （ Dunnett t=4. 74, P 〈0. 01 ）. 800 HIV infected maternities used ARV drug, which account for 78.4%, the difference among 2012 to 2016 was significant （χ^2 = 12. 69, P 〈0. 05）. The ARV drug usage rate of exposed babies was 89.3%, and the increasing from 2012 to 2016 was significant （χ^2= 8. 80, P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusion The proportion of these who had known their HIV status is relatively high while they received formula 1st ANC services relatively late. The rate of ARV drug usage of maternities and their babies is low.

关 键 词：注射吸毒 HIV感染产妇 暴露儿童 抗病毒药物 母婴传播 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理] R512.91[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]