传感器表面温度对热流测量的影响  

Influence of sensor surface temperature on heat flux measurement

作　　者：曾磊[1] 邱波[1] 李宇[2] 王安龄[1] 桂业伟[1] ZENG Lei;QIU Bo;LI Yu;WANG Anling;GUI Yewei(Computational Aerodynamics Institute, China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center, Mianyang 621000, China;Science and Technology on Space Physics Laboratory, China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology, Beijing 100076, China)

机构地区：[1]中国空气动力研究与发展中心计算空气动力研究所,绵阳621000 [2]中国运载火箭技术研究院空间物理重点实验室,北京100076

出　　处：《航空学报》2018年第6期59-66,共8页Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica

基　　金：中国空气动力研究与发展中心飞行器热安全课题组对本项目的大力支持和计算条件保障

摘　　要：高超声速飞行器热环境测量数据一直是防热设计和考核的基准数据,也是热环境计算方法的考核性数据,其准确性至关重要。针对热流测量中遇到的传感器表面和周边防热材料温度差异而导致的测量数据偏差问题,采用基于Navier-Stokes方程的自研程序开展了详细的气动热环境数值模拟,得到了不同温差条件下传感器表面热环境的分布规律,并根据场协同理论分析了局部热流变化的成因机理,研究了影响热流变化幅值的主要因素。结果表明:(1)当传感器和其周边材料的温度存在一定的差异时,导致该区域近壁面流场中的压力、密度等特征量梯度增大,改变了传感器当地的法向速度和温度分布,造成了局部热流的剧烈变化。(2)相同来流马赫数和高度下,来流攻角主要影响法向速度的分布,从而影响气动加热量,攻角越大,相同温差下加热量上升的幅度越小;来流总温主要影响法向温度梯度的分布,从而影响气动加热量,来流总温越大在相同温差条件下加热量上升幅度越小。所开展的研究工作可加深对传感器局部热环境分布规律的认识,避免对测量热流的误判,提升数据判断和分析的可靠性。As the benchmark data for the design and evaluation of the thermal protection system,as well as the assessment data of the calculation method,the accuracy of thermal environment measurement data is of great importance.In this paper,the measurement discrepancy caused by the difference between the sensor surface and the surrounding heat-resistant material temperature is studied.A numerical stimulation program based on Navier-Stokes equations is used to calculate the heat flux distribution on the sensor and peripheral area of the sensor,and the mechanism of local heat flux changes and the main factors influencing the thermal environment change are studied by the field-coordination theory.The results indicate that when there is difference between the temperature of the sensor surface and the peripheral material,the temperature and pressure of the local flow field is changed,causing dramatic changes of the heat flux on sensor surface.When the Mach number and altitude of the flux are the same,the angle of attack of the flux mainly affects the distribution of normal velocity：as the temperature difference remains the same,the larger the angle of attack,the smaller the increase in aeroheating.The total temperature of the flux mainly affects the distribution of normal temperature gradient：as the temperature difference remains the same,the larger the total temperature,the smaller the increase in aeroheating.The study can avoid misjudgment of the measured heat flux,providing a method for analyzing and validating thermal environment test data.

关 键 词：高超声速 传感器 热流测量 温度差异 热流分布 

分 类 号：V211.3[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]