抗战时期陕甘宁边区农村的生育变迁——以米脂县为中心的考察  

Birth Changes in the Rural Areas of Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Boarder Region During the Anti-Japanese War—— Based on Mizhi County as the Center

作　　者：张雨新[1,2] 付建成[1] ZHANG Yu-xin;FU Jian-cheng(History Department of Northwest University ,Xian 710069, China;Ideological and Political Department of Xian Medical University, Xian 710021, China)

机构地区：[1]西北大学历史学院,陕西西安710069 [2]西安医学院思政部,陕西西安710021

出　　处：《河北学刊》2018年第4期203-208,共6页Hebei Academic Journal

基　　金：2012年度国家社会科学基金重点项目《华北及陕甘宁革命根据地女性婚姻问题研究》(12AZS010);2016年度陕西省哲学社会科学项目《习仲勋与解放战争时期陕北土改研究》(2016H018)

摘　　要：抗战时期中共在陕甘宁边区推行以剪脐带要消毒、躺下分娩和产后休息为主要特征的＂新法接生＂,进而逐步取代传统接生方法。在陕甘宁边区落后的经济条件面前,中共通过改良的方式解决了灰土消毒的缺陷,逐步改变了产后三天三夜不睡觉的生育文化,降低了产妇分娩后大出血的危险,解决了边区妇女谈及色变的＂血迷＂之迷。接生方法的新陈代谢,既达到了降低陕甘宁边区产妇和新生婴儿死亡率的直接目的,同时也初步实现了动员边区妇女、增强中共政权合法性的初衷。In the period of the Anti-Japanese War,the new method of childbirth,which was mainly characterized by the shearing of umbilical cord to be sterilized,lying down,delivery and post natal rest,gradually replaced the traditional method of childbirth in the Shaanxi Gansu Ningxia border region. In the face of the backward economic conditions in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Boarder Region,the revolutionary ideals of the Communist Party of China adopted the improved way to consider the peasants＇ acceptance of the disinfection,and solved the defects of the disinfection of the lime soil through the improved way. To gradually change the postpartum reproductive culture for three days and nights without sleep,reduce the danger of bleeding after childbirth; solve the women talking about the mere mention of ＂blood mystery＂. The new supersedes the old of delivery method not only achieves the objective to directly reduce the maternal and newborn mortality of Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Boarder Region,but also realized the women＇s mobilization of the masses to enhance the legitimacy of the original intention of the Communist regime.

关 键 词：陕甘宁边区 生育 农村妇女 “坐灰” “血迷” 

分 类 号：K265.9[历史地理—历史学]