引入养殖鳖对稻田土壤固氮菌的影响  

The influence of introducing soft-shelled turtle on soil nitrogen-fixing microorganisms in paddy field

作　　者：刘其根[1,2,3] 李丰[1,2,3] 罗衡[1,2,3] 郭海松 张文博[1,2,3] LIU Qigen;LI Feng;LUO Heng;GUO Haisong;ZHANG Wenbo(National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;Shanghai Engineering Research Center of .4quaeulture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition （CREEFN） of the Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China)

机构地区：[1]水产科学国家级实验教学示范中心(上海海洋大学),上海201306 [2]上海水产养殖工程技术研究中心(上海海洋大学),上海201306 [3]农业部鱼类营养与环境生态研究中心(上海海洋大学),上海201306

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2018年第3期483-492,共10页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)专项(201203083);上海海洋大学科技发展专项(A2-0203-17-100202)资助~~

摘　　要：土壤微生物是土壤生态系统的重要组成部分,为了解稻田综合种养殖模式的土壤细菌尤其是功能型菌群的群落结构特征,采用高通量测序技术对稻鳖共作组（R-T）与稻田单作组（R-M）两种种养模式下根系土壤微生物（nif H基因）多样性特征进行比较.结果显示,稻田根系土壤中,属分类级别的固氮菌主要为慢生根瘤菌属（Bradyrhizobium）、地杆菌属（Geobacter）、脱硫弧菌属（Desulfovibrio）、除硫单胞菌属（Desulfuromonas）、嗜盐红螺菌属（Halorhodospira）、固氮菌属（Azotobacter）、脱硫球茎菌属（Desulfobulbus）、甲基单胞菌属（Methylomonas）、固氮螺菌属（Azospirillum）、Pseudacidovorax、Anaeromyxobacter、Sideroxydans共12类.R-T组根系土壤固氮菌的多样性指数高于R-T组,为6.85±0.07.稻田根系土壤固氮菌在不同种养模式间的差异性占23.86%,在不同水稻生长时期的差异性占16.97%.本研究表明,水稻的生长时期与不同种养模式对稻田根系土壤固氮微生物均具有影响,且生长时期对稻田根系土壤固氮微生物的影响更大.Soil microorganisms are an important part of the soil ecosystem, but studies on the structure of the soil bacterial community, especially the related genes, is lacking. This study aimed to investigate the structure of soil microorganisms and the connection between the soil microorganisms and different farming systems. We used the Illumina Genome Analyzer IIx to compare root soil bacteria（nif H gene） diversity characteristics between the rice-turtle co-culture system（R-T） and rice monoculture system（R-M）, aiming to reveal the structural characteristics of soil microorganisms, and the connection between the soil microorganisms and different farming systems. The results of High Throughput Sequencing of nitrogen-fixing bacteria showed that the main nitrogen-fixing bacteria were classified as Bradyrhizobium, Geobacter, Anaeromyxobacter, Desulfovibrio, Sideroxydans, Desulfuromonas, Halorhodospira, Azotobacter, Desulfobulbus, Methylomonas, Pseudacidovorax, and Azospirillum. The diversity index of nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the root soil of R-T was higher than that of R-M, which was 6.85–0.07. The difference of soil nitrogen-fixation bacteria in the root soil of rice paddy was 23.86% among the different farming systems, and the difference in the different rice growth period was 16.97%. In summary, the rice growth period and different farming systems both have an influence on the nitrogen-fixation bacteria in paddy soil; the influence of the growth period on the nitrogen-fixation bacteria in the paddy soil was greater.

关 键 词：稻鳖共作 稻田单作 Illumina高通量测序 NIFH基因 固氮菌 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学]