成都老官山汉墓出土竹简饱水保存期间的细菌群落结构  

Bacterial community structure in waterlogged bamboo slips excavated from the Laoguanshan Han Dynasty Tomb of Chengdu

作　　者：黄鑫 杨弢[2,3] 吴昊 张潇月 李静 周潇 肖嶙 赵珂[1] HUANG Xin;YANG Tao;WU Hao;ZHANG Xiaoyue;LI Jing;ZHOU Xiao;XIAO Lin;ZHAO Ke(Department of Microbiology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China;Chengdu Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, Chengdu 610072, China;Excavated Wooden-bodied Laequerware Protection Chengdu Workstation of State Administration of Cultural Heritage Key Scientific Research Base, Chengdu 610072, China 4 jingzhou Culture Relics Protection Center, Jingzhou 434020, China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学资源学院应用微生物学系,成都611130 [2]成都文物考古研究所,成都610072 [3]出土木漆器保护国家文物局重点科研基地成都工作站,成都610072 [4]荆州文物保护中心,荆州434020

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2018年第3期493-499,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：成都市科技惠民技术研发项目(2015-HM01-00609-SF);四川省大学生创新性实验计划项目(201610 626074)资助~~

摘　　要：为了解老官山汉墓出土竹简饱水保存浸泡液中的细菌群落结构特征,采用PCR-DGGE技术分析竹简浸泡液中细菌多样性,并对回收的DGGE条带进行测序及系统发育分析.结果显示,未浸泡竹简的去离子水（0~#）中的细菌丰度（S）、香农-威纳指数（H）、辛普森指数（D）均高于竹简浸泡液样品;而竹简浸泡液样品间的各项指标差异较大,其中121~#样品的遗传多样性最高,1#样品多样性最低;PCA主成分分析都显示各样品均存在较大的差异,其中1~#样品与其余样品的相似性最低;条带测序结果显示样品中主要的细菌类群归属于α变形菌亚门（Alphaproteobacteria）、β变形菌亚门（Betaproteobacteria）、γ变形菌亚门（Gammaproteobacteria）、厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）、拟杆菌门（Bacteroidetes）和放线菌门（Actinobacteria）六大细菌类群,分属于贪铜菌属（Cupriavidus）、水杆菌属（Aquabacterium）、丛毛单胞菌属（Comamonas）、Albidiferax属、生丝微菌科（Hyphomicrobiaceae）、固氮螺菌属（Azospirillum）、涅瓦菌属（Nevskia）、链球菌属（Streptococcus）、葡萄球菌属（Staphylococcus）、土壤杆菌属（Sediminibacterium）属、丙酸杆菌属（Propionibacterium）,其中β变形菌亚门的贪铜菌属（Cupriavidus）在所有样品中均有检出.本研究表明,不同竹简饱水保存浸泡液中的细菌群落结构十分复杂且差异显著,存在可能引发竹简病害的潜在细菌类群,结果可为饱水竹简微生物病害的科学防治提供参考.To investigate the bacterial community structure features of soak solutions used to preserve bamboo slips that were excavated from Han dynasty tomb located in Laoguanshan of Chengdu and to reveal the diversity of bacteria in these soak solutions, PCR-DGGE was employed. Subsequently, the major DGGE bands were excised and sequenced to analyze the phylogeny of bacteria. The richness（S）, Shannon-Wiener index（H）, and Simpson index（D） of deionized water（0~#） without the soaked bamboo slips were higher than those of the other samples. Among the bamboo slip soak solution samples, there were significant differences in these indicators; the bacterial genetic diversity of sample 121~# was the highest and that of sample 1~# was the lowest. Principal Component Analysis（PCA） showed that there were comparatively large differences among the samples, and the similarity between sample 1~# and others was the lowest. Based on the sequence analysis, the major community of bacteria in soak solution were belonged to Alphaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria, including Cupriavidus, Aquabacterium, Comamonas, Albidiferax, Hyphomicrobiaceae,Azospirillum, Nevskia, Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, Sediminibacterium, and Propionibacterium, among which Cupriavidus of the β-Proteobacteria class was detected in all samples. The bacterial community structure of the soak solutions that were collected from different bamboo slips was quite complex and significantly different. The analysis of the main bacterial community revealed the potential bacteria species that may trigger the damage in bamboo slips; the result provided a reference to prevent waterlogged bamboo slips from microbial diseases in the future.

关 键 词：竹简浸泡液 PCR-DGGE 细菌群落结构 多样性 

分 类 号：Q938.1[生物学—微生物学]