南亚热带人工林近自然高效可持续经营模式  

Efficient and Sustainable Models of Close-to-nature Management of South Subtropical Artificial Forest

作　　者：韦菊玲 郭文福[1] 雷丽群[1] 刘福妹[1] 邓硕坤 庞圣江 WEI Juling;GUOWenfu;LEI Liqun;LIU Fumei;DENG Shuokun;PANG Shengjiang(Experimental Center of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Pingxiang, Guangxi 532600, Chin)

机构地区：[1]中国林科院热带林业实验中心,广西凭祥532600

出　　处：《林业调查规划》2018年第3期145-149,共5页Forest Inventory and Planning

摘　　要：介绍近自然森林经营的基本概念,及其以乡土树种营建当地森林、针阔混交经营、复层异龄经营、目标树经营等近自然经营的基本原则。基于地处广西的中国林业科学研究院热带林业实验中心人工林经营中存在的主要问题,如以马尾松和杉木为主的针叶纯林面积比重过大,树种单一,林分质量不高,林地生产力较低等问题,自2002的起,采用降香黄檀—桉复层混交林、西南桦—红椎异龄混交林、马尾松(或杉木)针叶林阔叶化等近自然林经营模式,通过对林分高强度间伐、促进优良树种天然更新,以及在林冠下种植土沉香、红椎、紫檀、擎天树等较耐荫的长寿先锋树种,使群落树种组成、年龄结构趋于合理,形成了异龄复层混交林,使森林天然更新机制得到恢复,促进了人工林近自然经营高效可持续发展。According to introduce the basic concepts and principles of close-to-natural forest management,such as the forestation with local tree species,coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest management,uneven-aged and multi-storied forest management,and target tree management,this paper studied the problems of plantation management in Experimental Center of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry in Guangxi,which included the overlarge proportion of pure coniferous forest,single tree species,low forest stand quality and forest land productivity. The close-to-natural forest management models of Dalbergia odorifera multi-storied mixed forest,Betula alnoides uneven-aged mixed forest and broadleaved-oriented transformation of Pinus massoniana（ Cunninghamia lanceolate） coniferous forest were implemented from 2002. The measures of forest thinning,promoting the natural regeneration of fine tree species and planting pioneer tree species under canopy including Aquilaria agallocha,Castanopsis hystrix,Pterocarpus indicus,Parashorea chinensis were put forward to make the species composition and age structure more reasonable, form the uneven-aged and multi-storied forest, recover the natural regeneration mechanism and promote the sustainable development of the artificial forest close-to-natural management.

关 键 词：近自然经营 可持续经营模式 异龄复层混交林 南亚热带人工林 

分 类 号：S750[农业科学—森林经理学] S717.3[农业科学—林学]