某省妇幼保健院女性医务人员生殖健康现状及其职业影响因素分析  

Current status of reproductive health and its occupational influencing factors among female medical staffin a provincial maternal and child health hospital

作　　者：吕霄[1] 王雄虎[1] 武丽[1] 何伟健[1] 夏建红[1] Lv Xiao;Wang Xionghu;Wu Li;He Weijian;Xia Jianhong(Guangdong Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511442, China)

机构地区：[1]广东省妇幼保健院,广州511442

出　　处：《中华劳动卫生职业病杂志》2018年第6期419-421,共3页Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases

基　　金：国家妇女健康（生殖健康和心理健康）调查项目（FH20151101）;第六周期生殖健康计划生育项目（3101030120）;青少年生殖健康服务需求和服务现状调查项目（2016001）

摘　　要：目的了解某省妇幼保健院女性医务人员生殖健康现状，分析影响其生殖健康的职业影响因素，为制定相关干预措施，促进职业女性生殖健康提供科学依据。方法采用生殖健康调查问卷，对广东省妇幼保健院659名女性医务人员进行问卷调查，并对生殖健康现状、工作强度、职业危害因素等进行分析。结果19．46％有流产史，5．90％曾因不孕而就诊，21．31％近3个月月经不正常，30．57％有生殖系统疾病；工作状况显示，72．28％需经常上夜班，47．25％需经常加班（每周3d以上），22．27％每日工作时间超过8h。经常加班人群的生殖系统疾病患病率高于不经常加班人群，差异有统计学意义（χ^2=58．65，P〈0．01）。经常上夜班人群流产比例亦高于不上夜班人群，差异有统计学意义（χ^2=41．57，P〈0．01）；有87．08％的调查对象经常接触消毒剂等化学损伤，有78．15％调查对象有接触噪声、辐射等物理损伤，两类人群有流产史的比例均较未接触者高（χ^2=10．04，P〈0．01；χ^2=13．30，P〈0．01）。结论该省妇幼保健院女性医务人员工作强度较高，生殖健康状况需要关注；建议合理安排工作时间，创造支持环境，避免职业危害因素，切实改善女性医务人员的生殖健康。Objective To investigate the current status of reproductive health among the female medical staff in a provincial maternal and child health hospital and analyze the occupational influencing factors for reproductive health, particularly the effects of high-intensity work, work shift, chemical poisons, and physical and biological factors on reproductive health, and to provide a scientific basis for developing related intervention measures and promoting the reproductive health of professional females. Methods A reproductive health questionnaire was designed in terms of age, type of work, professional title, education level, working hours, working strength, and the reproductive health of female staff to analyze the current status of reproductive health, working strength, and occupational hazardous factors. The female medical staff in the provincial maternal and child health hospital completed the questionnaire on the internal network of the hospital voluntarily. Results Of all respondents, 19.46% had a history of miscarriage, 5.90% visited the hospital due to infertility, 21.31% had irregular menstruation within the last 3 months, and 30.57% had reproductive system disease ; 72.28% of the investigated medical staff often worked at night, 47.25% often worked overtime （more than 3 days a week）, and 22.27% worked over 8 hours daily. The respondents who often worked overtime had a significantly higher prevalence of reproductive system disease than those who did not often work overtime （χ^2= 58.65, P〈0.01）. The respondents who often worked at night had a significantly higher rate of miscarriage than those who did not work at night （χ2=41.57, P〈0.01）. In all respondents, 87.08% were often exposed to chemical injuries such as disinfectants, and 78.15% had contact with noise, radiation, and other physical injuries; the medical staff exposed to chemical and physical injuries had a significantly higher proportion of individuals with a history of miscarriage than the unexposed staff （χ^2=10.04, P〈0.01 ;χ

关 键 词：生殖健康 职业危害 影响因素 

分 类 号：R192[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]