2013—2016年广州市白云区流行性出血热流行特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of epidemic hemorrhagic fever( EHF)in Baiyun District of Guangzhou from 2013 to 2016

作　　者：李能就 叶双岚[1] 陈昌明[1] 农莉虹 程晓宁[1] 庞志明[1] LI Neng-jiu;YE Shuang-lan;CHEN Chang-ming;NONG li-hong;CHENG Xiao-ning;PANG Zhi-ming(Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Baiyun District of Guangzhou City, Guangzhou 510405, China)

机构地区：[1]广州市白云区疾病预防控制中心,广东广州510405

出　　处：《中华卫生杀虫药械》2018年第3期267-269,共3页Chinese Journal of Hygienic Insecticides and Equipments

摘　　要：目的分析2013—2016年期间白云区流行性出血热人间疫情和动物疫情的监测情况,探讨传播规律和流行特征。方法使用描述性研究方法对研究期间内的病例监测、健康人群监测和动物监测进行分析。结果 2013—2016年广州市白云区流行性出血热年均发病率为0.83/10万,病死率为1.30%,发病水平自2014年达到高峰后有所下降,冬春季和秋季为高发季节,男性发病率(1.12/10万)高于女性(0.53/10万)(χ2=9.47,P<0.01),年龄分布以30~49岁青壮年为主,人群的隐性感染率为3.10%。鼠密度年平均水平6.52%,以褐家鼠为优势鼠种,鼠EHF抗体阳性率为11.98%,人EHF发病率与鼠抗体阳性率呈现正相关(r=0.98,P=0.02)。结论广州市白云区流行性出血热发病水平与往年持平,仍为家鼠型疫源地(褐家鼠为主),建议加强人间和动物间疫情监测,开展一年两次的全覆盖灭鼠工作,提高居民的防鼠意识。Objective To analyze the incidence rates and animal hosts from surveillance date collected in Baiyun District of Guangzhou City from 2013 to 2016,and reveal the epidemic characteristics. Methods Descriptive methods were employed to study the cases. Results From 2013 to 2016,the average incidence rate of epidemic hemorrhagic fever in Baiyun District of Guangzhou City was 0. 83/0. 1 million,and the case fatality rate was 1. 30%. The incidence rate decreased since 2014. There were incidence peaks in spring and autumn. The incidence distributed mainly in the age of 30-49 years old young and middle-aged people,higher in males than in females（ χ2= 9. 47,P 〈 0. 01）. The asymptomatic infection rate was 3. 10%. The annual average rat density was 6. 52%,Rattus norvegicus was the dominant species. The positive rate of mouse EHF antibody was 11. 98%,positively related to that of human（ r =0. 98,P = 0. 02）. Conclusion The incidence of epidemic hemorrhagic fever in Baiyun District of Guangzhou City was stable,belonging to the foci of Rattus type（ Rattus norvegicus）. It is essential to strength the epidemic surveillance.

关 键 词：流行性出血热 发病率 褐家鼠 流行病学特征 

分 类 号：R184.3[医药卫生—流行病学]