中国成人吸烟者尝试戒烟率及其影响因素研究  

Quit attempt rate and its associated factors among Chinese adults smokers

作　　者：刘黎香 杨焱[1] 王继江[1] 南奕[1] 肖琳[1] 冯国泽[1] 姜垣[1] LIU Li-xiang;YANG Yan;WANG Ji-jiang;NAN Yi;XIAO Lin;FENG Guo-ze;JIANG Yuan(Tobacco Control Office,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 1Q0050, China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心控烟办公室,北京100050

出　　处：《中国健康教育》2018年第5期387-390,共4页Chinese Journal of Health Education

摘　　要：目的描述我国成人吸烟人群尝试戒烟的情况,探讨影响戒烟行为的主要因素。方法以多阶段分层整群随机抽样的方法,在全国抽取16 800个家庭户,每户随机抽取1名调查对象进行问卷调查。数据加权后,采用SAS 9.3复杂抽样设计的方法进行分析,其中尝试戒烟率的影响因素分析使用非条件Logistic回归。结果 4267名现在吸烟者纳入分析,31.51%的现在吸烟者报告在过去12个月内戒过烟,其中男性为31.28%,女性为35.93%。偶尔吸烟者的尝试戒烟率为44.97%,高于每日吸烟者的29.22%,既往得到医务人员戒烟建议的为40.32%,高于未获得者的30.87%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。居住地为农村(OR=0.55,95%CI:0.37～0.81)、偶尔吸烟(OR=0.42,95%CI:0.25～0.70)、过去12个月内获得医务人员的戒烟建议(OR=0.65,95%CI:0.45～0.92)、家中室内区域一般不允许吸烟(OR=0.50,95%CI:0.32～0.76)、完全知晓二手烟烟雾可导致成人心脏病、儿童肺部疾病和成人肺癌这3种疾病(OR=0.55,95%CI:0.38～0.80)是尝试戒烟的保护因素。结论中国15岁及以上成人现在吸烟者尝试戒烟率较低,采取简短戒烟干预、建立无烟家庭、大力宣传二手烟的危害,对促进吸烟者采取戒烟行动具有重要意义。Objective To understand the rate of making a quit attempt in the past 12 months and explore the factors associated with quit attempt among Chinese adult smokers. Methods A total of 16 800 households were selected through multistage stratified cluster sampling method, and one of family members was selected to participate the survey. Software SAS 9. 3 was used for sample weighting and data analysis. The factors influencing adult smoker quit attempt were identified with logistic regression model. Results Among 4267 current smokers, the rate of making a quit attempt in the past 12 months was 31. 51%, the quit attempt rate was 31. 28% in male, and 35. 93% in female. Current less than daily smokers（44. 97%） were more likely to make quit attempts than the daily smokers（ 29. 22%）, and the smokers who were advised to quit by health care provider（40. 32%） were more likely to make quit attempts than those non-advised（30. 87%）, and the differences were significant（P〈0. 05）. Rural area（ OR = 0. 55, 95% CI： 0. 37-0. 81）, current less than daily smokers（ OR =0. 42, 95% CI： 0. 25-0. 70）, advised to quit by health care provider（ OR =0. 65, 95%CI： 0.45-0. 92）,noticing that smoking is generally not allowed inside home（OR=0. 50,95 % CI： 0. 32-0.76）,being aware of all the 3 illnesses caused by second-hand smoking, heart disease in adults, lung illnesses in children,lung cancer in adults（ OR = 0. 55, 95% CI： 0. 38-0. 80） were protect factors for quit attempt. Conclusion The rate of making a quit attempt in the past 12 months in China was still low. The measurements included offering brief smoking cessation intervention service, vigorously promoting the smoke-free families, and increasing the awareness of diseases caused by second-hand smoke are of great significance.

关 键 词：戒烟尝试 影响因素 戒烟 横断面研究 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理] R163[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]