复合型组织工程化人工骨支架:应用进展与未来方向  

Composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering: application review and future direction

作　　者：徐桂文 乌日开西.艾依提 滕勇[2] Xu Gui-wen;Wurikaixi Aiyiti;Teng Yong(School of Mechanical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830047, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China;Orthopedic Center of PLA, Urumqi General Hospital of Lanzhou Military Region, Urumqi 830000, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China)

机构地区：[1]新疆大学机械工程学院,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市830047 [2]解放军兰州军区乌鲁木齐总医院全军骨科中心,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市830000

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2018年第14期2245-2250,共6页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51165044)~~

摘　　要：背景:通常情况下单一型人工骨难以满足骨缺损修复及骨组织工程细胞外基质要求,将不同性质的材料经过复合加工形成的复合型人工骨,在保证生物活性的同时,可有效提高其力学性能。目的:综述复合型人工骨的研究现状及发展趋势。方法:应用计算机检索CNKI、ScienceD irect、Pub Med、Spinger、EI Village、Wiley数据库中2000年1月至2017年4月的相关文献,检索词为"复合支架,组织工程,人工骨,composite scaffold,tissue engineering,artificial bone",根据纳入排除标准对选定文献进行分析探讨。结果与结论:对应用于骨组织工程的支架,应当仔细考虑和控制用于设计和制备支架的各种因素,包括微孔结构、机械强度、降解速率、孔隙率、生长因子、形貌及表面化学,以满足骨组织工程应用。复合型人工骨需要通过优化微观结构、表面改性、促进生物活性物质的黏附、引入控释系统来调节细胞的增殖及分化,最终发挥其成骨功能。尽管现有技术和方法在制备复合型支架上已取得了很大进展,但尚无一种技术或方法能完全满足骨组织工程支架制备的所有要求。BACKGROUND： In general, a single-type artificial bone is difficult to meet the requirements for bone defect repair and extracellular matrix of bone tissue engineering. Compositing and processing the materials with different properties can form the composite-type artificial bone, which can either ensure the biological activity or effectively improve its mechanical properties.OBJECTIVE： To summarize the present situation of the application of composite-type artificial bone and prospects the development trend. METHODS： The literatures were retrieved from CNKI, Science Direct, Pub Med, Spinger Link, EI Village, Wiley databases from January 2000 to April 2017. The key words were ＂composite scaffold, tissue engineering, artificial bone＂ in Chinese and English, respectively. The selected literatures were analyzed according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： The requirements for the scaffolds used for bone tissue engineering are complex and it should carefully consider and control various factors used in the design and preparation of scaffolds, including microporous structure, mechanical strength, degradation rate, porosity, growth factor, morphology and surface chemistry, so as to meet the bone tissue engineering applications. The preparation of tissue-engineered bone scaffold is based on biological active substances and matrix materials through a reasonable manner. It simulates the components of natural bone matrix, promotes the adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of bioactive substances, and gives play to its functions of osteogenesis. Although existing techniques and methods have made significant progress in the preparation of composite scaffolds, there is no technique or method to fully meet all the requirements for preparation of tissue-engineered bone scaffold.

关 键 词：羟基磷灰石类 磷酸钙类 组织工程 人工骨 材料 结构 功能 组织工程化 复合化 替代 趋势 国家自然科学基金 生物材料 

分 类 号：R318[医药卫生—生物医学工程]