某石化企业噪声暴露与听力损失的相关性分析  

Analysis on correlation between noise exposure and hearing loss in a petrochemical enterprise

作　　者：任勇 任俊 许大海 REN Yong;REN Jun;XU Dahai(Occupational Health Technical Service Center of Wuhan Municipal Petrochemical Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei 430082, Chin)

机构地区：[1]武汉市石化医院职业卫生技术服务中心,湖北430082

出　　处：《现代医药卫生》2018年第11期1632-1634,共3页Journal of Modern Medicine & Health

摘　　要：目的探讨某石化企业噪声暴露与噪声性听力损失(NIHL)之间的剂量-反应关系。方法 2015年6—7月将某石化企业接噪工人按工作地点、工种和班次分为不同亚组,每组选择3~5人,共290人。采用HS6280个体噪声计量仪测定噪声暴露。同时进行问卷调查和听力检查,应用SPSS17.0统计软件进行数据分析。结果接噪工人8 h连续等效A声级(LAeq.8h)中位值为89.1 d B(A);290名研究对象中患高频听力损失(HFNIH)141人(48.6%),患语频听力损失19人(6.6%);以噪声级为测量指标,工人NIHL患病率未表现出随噪声暴露增加而升高的趋势;而按照噪声级与工龄合并后的累积噪声暴露量评价,HFNIH患病率随噪声暴露增加而升高。结论接噪工人噪声暴露与HFNIH患病率之间存在剂量-反应关系;累积噪声暴露量是评价非稳态噪声暴露的良好指标。Objective To study the dose-response relationship between noise exposure and noise-induced hearing loss（NIHL）in a petrochemical enterprise. Methods The workers exposing to noise in a petrochemical enterprise from June to July 2015 were divided into different subgroups according to working place,job categories and working shifts. And then 3-5 workers in each group were selected with a total of 290 cases. The HS6280 individual dosimeter was adopted to detect the noise exposure. And the questionnaire investigation and audio acuity detection were simultaneously conducted. The data wereanalyzed by using the SPSS17.0 statistical software. Results The median value of LAeq.8 h in the workers exposing to noise was89.1 d B（A）. Among 290 research subjects,141 subjects（48.6%）suffered from the high frequency noise-induced hearingloss（HFNIHL）and 19 subjects（6.6%）suffered from the speech frequency noise-induced hearing loss;with the noise level as the detection index,the prevalence rate of NIHL in workers did not appear the increasing trend with the increase of noise exposure;in the accumulated noise exposure evaluation after merging the noise grade and worker age,the prevalence rate of HFNIH was increased with the noise exposure increase. While with cumulative noise exposure of evaluation index,the prevalence of HFNIHL increased with the increase of noise exposure. Conclusion The noise exposure in the workers exposing to noise has the dose-reaction relationship with the prevalence rate of HFNIH and the accumulated noise exposure amount is a better indicator for evaluating the non-steady noise exposure.

关 键 词：噪声 职业暴露 听觉丧失 噪声性 职业病 统计学 

分 类 号：R135.8[医药卫生—劳动卫生]