湿地翅碱蓬生长及渗透调节物质对盐度的响应  

Responses of growth and osmoregulatory substances of Suaeda heteroptera to salt concentrations in wetlands

作　　者：苏芳莉[1,2] 孙旭 孙权 李海福[1,2] 王铁良[1,2] SU Fang-li;SUN Xu;SUN Quan;LI Hai-fu;WANG Tie-liang(College of Water Conservancy, Shenyang Agricultural University Shenyang 110866, China;Liaoning Shuangtai Estuary Wetland Ecosystem Research Station, Panjin 124112, Liaoning , China;College of Bioscience and Biotechnology , Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China）.)

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学水利学院,沈阳110866 [2]辽宁双台河口湿地生态系统国家定位观测研究站,辽宁盘锦124112 [3]沈阳农业大学生物技术学院,沈阳110866

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2018年第7期1997-2002,共6页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(31670711和31570706)资助

摘　　要：辽河口翅碱蓬湿地是濒危物种黑嘴鸥的主要栖息地,其生长情况受海陆交汇带的盐分影响显著,近年来退化严重。探究适宜翅碱蓬生长的盐分范围对保护黑嘴鸥有重要意义。采用生长模拟装置,在翅碱蓬生长期内施用浓度为0、150、300、450和600 mmol·L^(-1)盐溶液,模拟不同盐环境条件下,翅碱蓬生长状况及生理指标对盐度的响应。结果表明:盐浓度为300 mmol·L^(-1)时,翅碱蓬地上高度及根长达到最大,分别为45.6 cm和14 cm;地上部分和根部的游离脯氨酸、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白质3种渗透调节物质含量均达到最大值,分别为0.82和0.58、8.46和6.86、22.26和19.36 mg·g-1;盐浓度达到450 mmol·L^(-1)时,翅碱蓬植株的株高和根长降低,渗透调节物质含量也有减少;在浓度为600 mmol·L^(-1)时,表现出生长缓慢、茎枝枯黄、叶片脱落等现象,甚至出现翅碱蓬植株死亡。在盐浓度低于300mmol·L^(-1)时,翅碱蓬各项生长指标和渗透调节物质都处于上升趋势。研究表明,适当的盐浓度可促进翅碱蓬生长,辽河口湿地翅碱蓬生长的适宜盐度范围是150~450 mmol·L^(-1),在盐浓度为300 mmol·L^(-1)时长势最好,超过600 mmol·L^(-1)时翅碱蓬无法生长。Suaeda heteroptera wetland in the Liaohe River Estuary is the main habitat of the endangered Black-headed Gull,which is substantially influenced by the salinity in sea-land intersection zone. The wetland has been seriously degraded in recent years. It is important to uncover suitable range of salinity for S. heteroptera growth so as to protect Black-headed Gull. In this study,growth simulators were used to examine the effects of saline solution on the growth and physiological indices of S. heteroptera during the whole growth period treated by saline solutions with five concentrations of 0,150,300,450 and 600 mmol·L^-1. The results showed that the height and root length of S. heteroptera reached the maximum at the concentration of 300 mmol·L^-1,being 45.6 cm and 14 cm respectively. At such a concentration,the contents of free proline,soluble sugar and soluble protein in both shoots and roots of S. heteroptera were the highest. The contents of the three osmoregulatory substances were 0. 82 vs. 0. 58 mg · g-1,8. 46 vs. 6. 86 mg·g-1,and 22.26 vs. 19.36 mg·g-1 in the shoots and roots,respectively. The height,root length,and contents of the three osmoregulatory substances of S. heteroptera were reduced at the concentration of 450 mmol · L～（-1）. At the concentration of 600 mmol · L～（-1）,S. heteroptera grew slowly with yellow stem and leaf abscission and even some plants died. All the growth indices and the contents of osmoregulatory substances remained an upward trend when the salt concentration was less than 300 mmol · L～（-1）. Our results indicated that suitable concentration of salt for the growth of S. heteroptera was between 150 and 450 mmol · L～（-1）,with the best effects at 300 mmol·L^-1 and the upper limit was 600 mmol·L^-1.

关 键 词：翅碱蓬 盐浓度 生长 渗透调节物质 

分 类 号：Q945.78[生物学—植物学]