河南省小麦纹枯病病原菌鉴定及其对三唑酮的敏感性  

Etiology identification and sensitivity of the pathogen of wheat sharp eyespot to triadimefon in Henan Province

作　　者：徐建强[1] 夏彦飞[1] 黄宇龙 马世闯 许道超 郑伟[1] Xu Jianqiang;Xia Yanfei;Huang Yulong;Ma Shichuang;Xu Daochao;Zheng Wei(College of Forestry, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, Henan Province, China)

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学林学院,洛阳471003

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2018年第3期423-431,共9页Journal of Plant Protection

基　　金：国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303023);国家自然科学基金(31401774)

摘　　要：为明确河南省小麦纹枯病病原组成及对三唑酮的敏感性,采用番红O-KOH染色并结合培养性状观察,对2016年分离自河南省18个县(区、市)的132株菌株进行了鉴定,采用菌丝生长速率法测定了病菌对三唑酮的敏感性,并比较了同一地块不同年份采集菌株对药剂的敏感性变化。结果表明:132株菌株全部为禾谷丝核菌Rhizoctonia cerealis。病菌对三唑酮的EC_(50)在0.69~8.32μg/mL之间,EC_(50)平均值为2.66μg/mL;敏感性频率分布图显示,病菌群体中已出现对三唑酮敏感性下降的亚群体,可将其中呈连续单峰频次分布的大多数菌株EC_(50)的平均值2.21μg/mL作为2016年小麦纹枯病菌对三唑酮的相对敏感基线。同一县(区、市)的菌株对三唑酮的敏感性差异较大,EC_(50)最大值与最小值比在1.21~10.27倍之间;而不同县(区、市)的菌株对三唑酮的敏感性差异不明显,EC_(50)平均值变化范围在1.34~4.68μg/mL之间,相差3.50倍。采自同一地块的菌株,2016年的菌株对药剂的敏感性相较于2015年有所降低,2016年的菌株对三唑酮的敏感基线是2015年的1.77倍。研究表明,尽管三唑酮依然可以用于小麦纹枯病的综合防控,但生产中应持续监测小麦纹枯病菌对药剂敏感性的动态变化。In order to identify the pathogen composition of wheat sharp eyespot from Henan Province and detect the sensitivity of pathogenic fungi to triadimefon, 132 isolates were collected from 18 counties in 2016. All of the isolates belonged to Rhizoctonia cerealis based on safranine nuclear staining and culture characteristics grown on PSA medium. Their sensitivity to triadimefon was determined in vitro by mycelial growth rate method. The results showed that 50% effective concentration（EC（50）） of all isolates to triadimefon ranged from 0.69 μg/mL to 8.32 μg/mL, and the average value was 2.66 μg/mL.The results of the frequency analysis showed that the subpopulation that was less sensitive to triadimefon had been discovered in the tested isolates. The mean EC（50） of 2.21 μg/mL for most isolates showed a unimodal curve distribution, which was treated as the sensitive baseline of R. cerealis to triadimefon.The results of both variance analysis by LSD test and hierarchical cluster analysis by SPSS indicated that the isolates separated from the same region demonstrated different sensitivities, which implied that the ratio of maximum and minimum EC（50） of the isolates from the same region ranged from 1.21 to 10.27. However, there was no significant difference in the sensitivity to triadimefon among the isolates from most of the regions, showing that the average EC（50） of the isolates from all the regions ranged from 1.34 μg/mL to 4.68 μg/mL and the ratio of maximum and minimum average EC（50） was 3.50. The isolates collected in 2016 was less sensitive to triadimefon than those in 2015 from the same field. The sensitive baseline to triadimefon of the isolates collected in 2016 was 1.77 times that in 2015, which implied that its sensitivity to triadimefon in Henan Province should be monitored continuously.

关 键 词：河南省 小麦纹枯病 病原鉴定 三唑酮 敏感性 

分 类 号：S435.121.4[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]