基于Morris水迷宫探讨不同贮食行为鼠类的空间记忆  

Studies on spatial memory of rodents with different food hoarding strategies using Morris water maze

作　　者：张东元 李园 李贾 张怡皓 易现峰[1] 王振宇[1] ZHANG Dongyuan;LI Yuan;LI Jia;ZHANG Yihao;YI Xianfeng;WANG Zhenyu(College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, Chin)

机构地区：[1]江西师范大学生命科学学院,南昌330022

出　　处：《兽类学报》2018年第4期377-383,共7页Acta Theriologica Sinica

基　　金：江西省青年科学基金(20161BAB214165);江西师范大学研究生创新基金(YJS2016085)

摘　　要：鼠类的贮食方式(分散或集中)与其空间记忆能力有关,但有关两者的定量关系尚缺少实验证据。朝鲜姬鼠(Apodemus peninsulae)分散或集中贮藏食物;社鼠(Niviventer confucianus)、黑线姬鼠(A.agrarius)、昆明小鼠(Mus musculus)仅集中贮藏食物。利用Morris水迷宫对4种鼠的空间记忆能力进行了评估,以探讨其空间记忆能力与食物贮藏方式间的联系。结果发现:在5 d的定位航行实验中,4种鼠找到隐藏平台的潜伏期均呈现出显著的下降趋势,其中朝鲜姬鼠潜伏期最短,黑线姬鼠与社鼠次之,昆明小鼠最长。在空间探索实验中,朝鲜姬鼠、黑线姬鼠和社鼠穿越平台的次数显著大于昆明小鼠;实验鼠在目标象限内的时间比和路程比为:朝鲜姬鼠>黑线姬鼠>社鼠>昆明小鼠,但差异不显著。结果表明具有分散贮藏行为的朝鲜姬鼠的空间记忆能力较仅具有集中贮藏行为的其它鼠种强,暗示鼠类的食物贮藏方式与其空间记忆能力有一定联系。The food strategies of rodents （e. g. , scatter- or larder-hoarding） are related to their spatial memory ; however, we lack quantitative experiments on these relationships. It is known that Apodemus peninsulae mainly scatter-hoard but also larder-hoard a few food items, but A. agrarius, Niviventer confucianus and Mus musculus only larder-hoard. In this study, the spatial memory of the four rodent species with different hoarding strategies was evaluated using a Morris water maze, in order to illustrate the relationships between spatial memory and hoarding behavior. The results showed that the latency period of the four rodent species decreased significantly across the 5-day navigation experiment. The latent period was shortest in A. peninsulae but longest in M. musculus, followed by A. agrarius and N. confucianus. In the space exploration experiment, the frequency of crossing the platform in A. peninsulae, A. agrarius and N. confucianus was significantly higher than that of M. musculus. The order of both time ratio and distance ratio in the target quadrant was： A. peninsulae 〉 A. agrarius 〉 N. niviventer 〉 M. musculus, despite no significant difference. The results indicate that the spatial memory of A. peninsulae with scatter-hoarding behavior may be stronger than that of the other rodent species with larder-hoarding behavior, suggesting that the food storage strategy of rodent species is closely related to spatial memory.

关 键 词：鼠类 空间记忆 贮藏行为 MORRIS水迷宫 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]