中国农技推广体系的现状、问题及政策研究  

Current Situation,Problems and Policy of Agricultural Extension System in China

作　　者：孙生阳 孙艺夺 胡瑞法[1] 张超[2] 蔡金阳[1] SUN Sheng-yang;SUN Yi-duo;HU Rui-fa;ZHANG Chao;CAI Jin-yang(School of Management and Economics, Bering Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China;School of Humanities and Social Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学管理与经济学院,北京100081 [2]北京理工大学人文与社会科学学院,北京100081

出　　处：《中国软科学》2018年第6期25-34,共10页China Soft Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71333006;71661147002);国家重点研发计划试点专项项目(2016YFD0201301);北京理工大学基础研究基金项目(20172242001);北京理工大学研究生国际学术交流项目的资助

摘　　要：通过对全国7个省28个县62个乡的农技推广体系调查发现,新一轮的农技推广体系改革显著提高了农技推广单位的经费收入,增加了农技人员下乡为农民提供技术服务的时间,多元化的农村社会化服务体系也已经逐渐形成。然而,农技推广行政化、政府公共信息服务能力弱化等现行体制的老问题不仅未能解决,反而有所强化;而激励机制丧失、乡级农技推广部门弱化、人事制度改革失败等新问题已成为限制基层农技部门做好为农民技术服务的重要原因。为此,本研究提出了深化农技推广体制改革、加强政府农技部门病虫害预测预报能力建设、改革现行的人事制度和加强农村社会化服务体系建设等政策建议。A random sample survey of China＇s agricultural extension system was conducted in 62 towns in 28 counties in 7 provinces at the end of 2016. We found that the latest agricultural extension system reforms have significantly increased the funds of agricultural extension institutes,and the time that agricultural extension agents spend on technology services. Moreover,a diversified rural social service system has been gradually established. However,some old problems,including the administration of agricultural extension activities,and weakening of the government＇s public information service capacity,have been not solved but even severer. Moreover,the lack of incentive mechanisms,weakening of town-level agricultural extension services, and failure of personnel system reform restrict the local agricultural extension institutes to well providing technology services. Therefore,we propose deepening the reform of agricultural extension system,strengthening the crop pest monitoring and forecasting system,reforming the current personnel system,and strengthening the construction of rural social service system.

关 键 词：农业 技术推广 现状 问题 政策 

分 类 号：F324.3[经济管理—产业经济]