疝外科材料学百年发展及未来展望  

Hundred years development and future prospect of the material science for hernia

作　　者：过文泰 胡民辉[1] 黄榕康[1] 王辉[1] Guo Wentai;Hu Minhui;Huang Rongkang;Wang Hui(Department of Colorectal Surgery, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学附属第六医院结直肠外科,广州510655

出　　处：《中华胃肠外科杂志》2018年第7期828-832,共5页Chinese Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金项目（2016A030313271）;广州市科技计划项目（201704020059）

摘　　要：腹股沟疝是一种腹壁缺损性疾病。一百多年来，外科医生一直尝试各种方式来修复缺损。传统的疝修补术破坏正常的解剖结构，术后复发率高。随后外科医生开始尝试使用补片来进行缺损修复，从最初用银丝、钽、不锈钢等粗糙金属材料来填补缺损，到尼龙、玻璃纤维、硅橡胶等非金属材料，再到聚丙烯、聚酯、膨化聚四氟乙烯等人工合成高分子不可吸收材料；从聚乙醇酸等合成可吸收材料到生物来源的脱细胞细胞外基质。然而，这些补片仍旧不能满足临床上患者多样化的需求。由此诞生了两种或两种以上不同性质材料构成的多功能复合补片，并衍生出各类复合补片、干细胞涂层补片、3D补片、微观结构补片等新型补片。疝的修复方式则由传统疝修补术进化为无张力疝修补术及腹腔镜下疝修补术。外科医生致力于寻找理想化的补片，达到完美修复缺损的目的，同时考虑术后并发症、患者生活质量、远期疗效等问题。面对种类繁多的修补材料，外科医生的选择比较盲目，尚无可参考的标准来决定哪种补片适用于患者。为此，我们梳理了不同类型补片的发展演变，总结疝修补材料一百多年来的发展进程，并就补片的未来发展提出展望，以期对临床疝补片的选择提供参考。Inguinal hernia is a defect disease in the abdominal wall. Surgeons have tried various ways to repair the defect for more than 100 years. The traditional herniorrhaphy destroys the normal anatomical structure, and the recurrence rate is quite high. After that, surgeons began to repair the defects with prostheses, from the initial use of rough metal materials such as silver, tantalum, stainless steel, to nylon, fiberglass, silicone rubber and other non-metallic materials, and also from artificial synthetic polymer non-absorbable materials such as polypropylene, polyester, ePTFE, to synthetic absorbable materials such as polyglycolic acid and the acellular extracellular matrix derived from biological meshes. However, these prostheses still can not meet the diverse needs of patients. Thus, multifunctional composite prostheses consisting of two or more materials were born, and various types of composite prostheses, stem cell coating meshes, 3D meshes, microstructure meshes were developed. The repair method evolved from traditional hernia repair to tension-free hernia repair and laparoscopic hernia repair. Surgeons are dedicated to finding idealized meshes for the perfect repair of defects, while considering postoperative complications, patient＇s quality of life, long-term efficacy and other issues. In the face of a wide variety of repair materials, the choice of surgeons is blind, and there is no standard to determine which prostheses are suitable for patients. Therefore, we have combed the development of different types of prostheses, summarized the development process of hernia repair materials for the past 100 years, and put forward the prospects for future development of prostheses, in order to provide reference for the selection of prostheses.

关 键 词：疝 疝修补术 补片材料 发展进程 未来展望 

分 类 号：R318.08[医药卫生—生物医学工程] R656.6[医药卫生—基础医学]