中国托幼机构卫生保健人员现状调查  

Health care staffing in preschool institutions in China:a cross-sectional survey

作　　者：徐轶群[1] 王惠珊[1] 何红茹 曹彬 徐晓超 刘功妹 陈欣欣[5] 黄欣欣[6] XU Yi-qun;WANG Hui-shan;HE Hong-m(Department of Children Health Care, The Women and Children＇ Health Care Center, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beij＇ing 100081, China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心妇幼保健中心儿童保健部,北京100081 [2]陕西省人民医院 [3]国家卫生计生委妇幼健康服务司 [4]天津市妇女儿童保健中心 [5]北京妇幼保健院 [6]南京市妇幼保健院

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2018年第7期1009-1012,共4页Chinese Journal of Public Health

摘　　要：目的了解中国托幼机构卫生保健人员配备现状及专业技术情况,并分析可能的影响因素,为提高集体儿童保健工作以及政策决策制定提供依据。方法调查数据来自于2013年全国托幼机构卫生保健工作现状调查,采用容量比例概率抽样方法进行分层抽样,共有5 405所托幼机构完成卫生保健人员调查。结果中国托幼机构卫生保健人员的配备率为74.98%,兼职卫生保健人员和专职卫生保健人员配备率分别为44.20%和30.78%;34.11%的卫生保健人员有医学学历,23.35%的卫生保健人员有医师/护士资格,仅15.32%的卫生保健人员有医师/护士执业资格;卫生保健人员配备率和专业技术资格情况在不同地域分布、园所所在地和不同规模间差异有统计学意义。多元logistic回归分析显示,地域划分、园所所在地和园所规模均是影响卫生保健人员配备的因素,东部托幼机构配备卫生保健人员是西部的4倍。结论中国托幼机构卫生保健人员配备较10年前有较大提高,但仍然存在人员配备不足、工作兼职和专业水平不足问题。Objective To acknowledge the status and influencing factors of health care personnel in kindergartens and nurseries in China.Methods Data were collected from the 2013 National Preschool Health Care Survey. Totally 5 405 preschool institutions were selected in all provinces, municipalities, and autonomous regions across China with stratified probability proportion to size sampling for a questionnaire survey to collect information on health care staffing.Results The average staffing rate of health care workers was 75.0% for the preschool institutions and the staffing rate of full-time and part-time health care worker were 44.2% and 30.8%, respectively. Of the medical personnel employed by the institutions, 34.1% were graduates of medical universities; 23.3% were doctors or nurses with professional certification; and only 15.3% were licensed for medical practice. There were significant differences in the staffing rate of health care workers and the proportion of the staff with professional certification among the preschool institutions in different regions, locations referring to urban function, and institution scale. Multivariate logistic regression analyses demonstrated that administrative region, location referring to urban function, and institution scale were influencing factors for health care staffing of the institutions. Geographical location and preschool institution scale are factors that influence the health care worker allocation. Staffing rate of health care workers of the preschool institutions in eastern regions of China was four time higher than that of the institutions in western regions.Conclusion The health care staffing of preschool institutions increased obviously compared to that 10 years ago in China; but deficit in allocation and low qualification of the medical workers still exist in the preschool institutions.

关 键 词：托幼机构 卫生保健人员 现状调查 

分 类 号：R175[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]