不同pH营养液处理下3种柑橘砧木有机酸分泌的差异  

Differences in Organic Acid Secretion of Three Citrus Rootstocks Cultivated in Nutrient Solution with Various pH Levels

作　　者：王君秀[1] 袁高鹏[1] 阮科 彭良志[1] 凌丽俐[1] 付行政[1] 淳长品[1] WANG Junxiu;YUAN Gaopeng;RUAN Ke;PENG Liangzhi;LING Lili;FU Xingzheng;CHUN Changpin(Citrus Research Institute, National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400712, China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学柑桔研究所/国家柑桔工程技术研究中心,重庆400712

出　　处：《园艺学报》2018年第6期1054-1066,共13页Acta Horticulturae Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0202006);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(CARS-26-04B);重庆市社会民生科技创新专项(cstc2017shms-xdny0352)

摘　　要：以资阳香橙、枳和红橘幼苗为材料,在不同pH值的营养液中处理30d,测定其生长指标、根系形态及生理指标,用液相色谱(LC)法分析根系分泌的有机酸含量,分析3种砧木根系分泌有机酸种类和对酸碱耐性的差异。通过比较3种砧木在不同pH营养液处理下的生长指标、根系形态及生理指标发现,枳比资阳香橙和红橘更耐酸,红橘和资阳香橙比枳更耐碱。在酸性(pH 4、pH 6)条件下,3种砧木根系分泌有机酸中只检测到草酸和奎宁酸,且草酸含量高于奎宁酸;红橘分泌的有机酸总量最高,其次是资阳香橙,最低为枳。在碱性(pH 8)条件下,除草酸和奎宁酸外,还检测到苹果酸;资阳香橙分泌的苹果酸含量最高,红橘次之,枳最低。以上结果表明资阳香橙和红橘比枳更耐碱,可能是因为资阳香橙和红橘分泌的有机酸高于枳,尤其是在碱性条件下分泌的苹果酸含量远高于枳;而枳比资阳香橙和红橘更耐酸的可能原因是枳在酸性条件下分泌的有机酸总体偏低。The relationship between acidic-alkaline tolerance and organic acids secreted from roots was investigated in Ziyang Xiangcheng（ZYXC）（Citrus junos Sieb. ex Tanaka）,trifoliate orange（TO）[Poncirus trifoliata（L.）Raf.] and Red tangerine（RT）（Citrus reticulata Blanco）. The seedlings of three rootstocks were cultured in the hydroponic solutions with different pH for 30 days. The growth index,root morphology,photosynthetic pigments content,and physiological parameters of superoxide dismutase（SOD）,peroxidase（POD）,catalase（CAT）,malondialdehyde（MDA） and soluble protein were examined. The content of organic acids secreted from root system was analyzed by Liquid Chromatography（LC）. The highest biomass growth rate was observed in TO at pH 4. At pH 8,the biomass growth rate of RT was the highest and TO was the lowest. The photosynthetic pigments contents,root lengths and root surface areas of three rootstocks were significantly lower with pH 4 treatment. Under different pH conditions,the three rootstocks showed significant differences in activities of SOD and POD,as well as the contents of MDA and soluble protein. At lower pH,only oxalic and quinic acids were detected with the content of oxalic acid higher than that of quinic acid. Under higher pH condition,except those two acids,the malic acid was also detected. Overall,among three rootstocks,the RT released the highest level of organic acids followed by ZYXC,and then TO. At late stage of alkaline treatment,the highest level of malic acid was observed in ZYXC. The lowest level was in TO. This may relate to alkaline tolerance of the rootstock. In this case,the ZYXC and RT are more tolerant to alkalinity than that of TO. It can be suggested that the strong alkaline tolerance of ZYXC and RT may be related to the greater capacity of secreting malic acid from roots under alkaline condition. The strong acidic tolerance of TO would be associated with lower ability to release organic acids.

关 键 词：资阳香橙 枳 红橘 pH值 草酸 奎宁酸 苹果酸 

分 类 号：S666[农业科学—果树学]