基于荧光SSR标记的白杨派种质资源遗传多样性研究  

Genetic diversity of germplasm resources of Leuce based on SSR fluorescent marker

作　　者：姚俊修[1] 毛秀红[1] 李善文[1] 刘学良 吴德军[1] Yao Junxiu;Mao Xiuhong;Li Shanwen;Liu Xueliang;Wu Dejun(Shandong Academy of Forestry, Key Laboratory for Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees of Shandong Province, Jinan 250014, Shandong, China;Shandong Agricuhural University, Tai＇ an 271018, Shandong, China)

机构地区：[1]山东省林业科学研究院山东省林木遗传改良重点实验室,山东济南250014 [2]山东农业大学,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《北京林业大学学报》2018年第6期92-100,共9页Journal of Beijing Forestry University

基　　金：山东省农业良种工程项目(2012213);山东省重点研发计划项目(2017GNC11115);山东省林业科技创新项目

摘　　要：【目的】进行白杨派种质资源的遗传多样性研究,为毛白杨种质资源保存、评价与利用提供参考。【方法】对所收集的白杨派无性系采用毛细管电泳法进行荧光SSR-PCR产物检测,利用所得结果评价种源及无性系间的遗传变异和遗传多样性水平。【结果】16对SSR引物对272个无性系进行检测,共检测到106个等位基因,每位点的等位基因数为4~11个,平均等位基因数为6.625个;平均观测杂合度(Ho)值为0.561,平均期望杂合度(He)值为0.432,表明遗传多样性比较丰富;有9个位点的Ho/He大于1,表明杂合度比较高。对其中来自毛白杨6个集中分布区的234个无性系进行遗传变异分析,结果表明:2%的遗传变异来源于种源间,98%的遗传变异来自于种源内无性系间;由不同种源间的等位基因模型可知,山西、陕西、河南、山东和河北5个种源的无性系均有特有等位基因,杂交时可以适当选择不同种源的无性系作杂交亲本以拓宽杂交种的遗传基础,或种源间适当引种增加毛白杨种源间的遗传多样性。【结论】聚类分析和主坐标分析结果均表明,北京与河北种源亲缘关系最近,河南与陕西、山东与山西亲缘关系也较近,分别聚为3大类群,而相同种源的无性系并没有完全聚到一类,其原因可能是由于种源间相互引种或遗传变异造成的。研究结论为毛白杨种质资源保存和利用提供了理论依据。[Objective] Genetic diversity of germplasm resources of Leuce was studied to provide reference for the preservation,evaluation and utilization of the germplasm resources of Poplus tomentosa.[Method]In this study,capillary electrophoresis with fluorescent-labeled primers was used to analyze clones in Leuce,and genetic diversity and genetic variation were analyzed based on the results. [Result]A total of 106 alleles were detected in 272 clones using 16 pairs of SSR primers. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 4 to 11,with an average of 6. 625 each loci,the average Ho and He were 0. 561 and 0. 432,respectively,indicating that the genetic diversity was relatively abundant,and the ratio of Ho to He for 9 loci was greater than 1,indicating the high heterozygosity. In addition,the genetic variation of 234 clones from six concentrated areas of Populus tomentosa was analyzed. The results showed that only2% of the genetic variation originated among provenances,and 98% within provenances. It could be got to know from the allelic models of different provenances that there were private alleles in five provenances of Shanxi Province,Shaanxi Province,Henan Province,Shandong Province and Hebei Province. Clones with private alleles from different provenances should be selected as parents to broaden the genetic basis of hybrids, or introduced appropriatly to increase the genetic diversity of P. tomentosa among provenances. [Conclusion] Cluster analysis and principal coordinate analysis showed that the phylogenetic relationship of Beijing and Hebei clones was the closest,and the relationship between Henan and Shanxi,Shandong and Shanxi was closer,respectively. However,clones from the same provenance weren’t converged fully one category,owing to genetic variation or the mutual introduction of the provenances. The results provided theoretical basis for the preservation and utilization of germplasm resources of P. tomentosa.

关 键 词：荧光SSR标记 毛白杨 种质资源 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：S722.3[农业科学—林木遗传育种]