饲草甜高粱分子育种与产业化  

Molecular breeding and industrialization of forage sweet sorghum

作　　者：景海春[1,2,3] 刘智全 张丽敏[1,2] 吴小园 Haichun Jing;Zhiquan Liu;Limin Zhang;Xiaoyuan Wu(Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China;Inner Mongolia Research Centre for Practaculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China;College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院植物研究所北方资源植物重点实验室,北京100093 [2]中国科学院内蒙古草业中心,北京100093 [3]中国科学院大学生命科学学院,北京100049

出　　处：《科学通报》2018年第17期1664-1676,共13页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：中国科学院科技服务网络计划(STS计划)重点项目(KFJ-STS-ZDTP-004);中国科学院重点部署项目(KFZD-SW-101);国家科技支撑计划(2015BAD15B03);河北省科技计划(15226415D)资助

摘　　要：甜高粱(Sorghum dochna)是一种高产耐逆的C4植物.因其茎秆富含糖分、生物产量高、适口性好等特点,近年来又被发展为优质饲草作物.甜高粱主要生物学特性直接或间接地影响饲草的产量和品质,进而影响其作为饲草作物的发展潜能.本文综述了甜高粱种质资源筛选与重要性状遗传基础研究的最新进展,分析了甜高粱饲草产业发展案例,旨在积极推动甜高粱饲草产业的研究和应用.Sorghum（Sorghum bicolor（L.）Moench）is the world’s fifth major crop and a C4 model plant.Sweet sorghum is a variant of grain sorghum with implications in biofuel industry and stress biology because of it remarkable traits including high biomass production,high concentration of soluble sugars in its juicy stem,and strong abiotic tolerance.In recent years,there is a new demand to develop sweet sorghum into a forage crop,which requires the tailor-made modification of its major biological characteristics.Compared to silage maize,sweet sorghum possesses higher levels of directly fermentable reducing sugars and the ability to accumulate high biomass under low-input production systems.In addition,it is tolerant to drought and more efficient in utilization of solar radiation and nitrogen-based fertilizers than maize on marginal lands which are not optimal for food production.These traits collectively make sweet sorghum more attractive than silage maize with huge potential as a forage crop.Yet,due to the relatively short history of sweet sorghum breeding,the development of new varieties adapting to various phenological requirements is restricted,and the rapid deployment of sweet sorghum for forage production is limited.Here we summarize the current status of forage sweet sorghum breeding in China.A suit of sweet sorghum traits,such as plant architecture（leave,and stem）,flowering time and maturity,leaf senescence and accumulation of juice and sugar as well as drought and salt tolerance are identified,and recent progression in dissecting their genetic basis reviewed.It is suggested that newly developed cutting-edge technologies such as genome editing and whole-genome selection are needed to harness the genetic improvement of sweet sorghum.Feeding experiments with improved varieties showed that sweet sorghum is an important component of the livestock diet for increasing the palatability and nutrient conversion efficiency.The production-scale demonstration project,forming a production pipeline from sweet sorghum h

关 键 词：甜高粱 饲料作物 分子育种 产业化 

分 类 号：S54[农业科学—作物学]