基于物联网的草牧业管理决策系统在呼伦贝尔农垦的应用  

Decision-making and management system based on internet of things for Hulun Buir State Farm

作　　者：孙丙宇 贾秀芳 黄河[1] 魏圆圆 周林立 方薇 严曙 Bingyu Sun;Xiufang Jia;He Huang;Yuanyuan Wei;Linli Zhou;Wei Fang;Shu Yan(Institute of Intelligent Machines, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院合肥智能机械研究所,合肥230031

出　　处：《科学通报》2018年第17期1703-1710,共8页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(61773360;31671586)资助

摘　　要：我国大中型草牧场目前普遍存在三方面的问题:管理粗放,无法科学合理地进行农牧业生产安排;缺乏市场信息指导生产计划,不能适应市场实际需求;市场信息不对称、高品质产品卖不出高价格、无法定向定量生产和销售.本文以呼伦贝尔农垦集团现代草牧业生产过程为案例,设计了基于物联网的现代草牧业精准生产管理指挥决策系统解决方案.该方案由大数据云计算平台、草牧业生产管理决策信息系统、草牧业精准作业技术与装备系统、电子商务和全程追溯系统四部分组成.从优化草牧业种植结构,实施"减施增效"施肥方案,确定产品销售品种与区域,协调调度人员、设备、物资、农机等生产要素等方面指导草牧业生产全过程,从而全面提升呼伦贝尔农垦集团信息化水平,最终助力现代草牧业生产模式转型升级.该管理决策系统对全国草牧业的生产管理均有借鉴作用.According to the specific requirements of scientific decision-making and precision production control in the production process of modern grasslands and animal husbandry,this paper presents a scheme of production command decision system of modern grasslands and animal husbandry based on internet of things.The scheme is composed of four major components,including big data and cloud computing,grassland animal husbandry production management decision information system,precision operating technology and equipment systems,e-commerce and full traceability system.Specific description is as follows：（ⅰ）Big data and cloud computing.According to the large-scale and high-value characteristics of big data,theoretical method and technical system of big data acquisition,management and services of grass and animal husbandry are perfectly established.Large data center hardware platform is constructed based on cloud computing technology.PB（Petabyte）level grassland animal husbandry data resources are integrated and large data intelligent services are carried out based on agricultural vertical search engine,agricultural cloud data management,agricultural knowledge ontology and other key technologies.（ⅱ）Grassland animal husbandry production management decision information system.According to the organizational structure and production management model of Hulun Buir State Farm,the agricultural production management and decision information system of Hulun Buir is developed in accordance with the concept of＂horizontal to the side,vertical to the end＂,that is,horizontal to edge refers to the data information that can be obtained from each group,sub-bureau,farm user and the production team user;vertical to bottom refers to the latest information that can be obtained from every field crop,every farm machine,and every cow.A data warehouse is built,including comparing current accumulated temperature data and rainfall data with over years.The monitoring data of soil,including soil moisture and temperature,conductivity

关 键 词：草牧业 决策系统 信息化 智能化 大数据 

分 类 号：F326.3[经济管理—产业经济]