2007-2016年新疆水痘流行病学分析  

Epidemiological analysis of varicella in Xinjiang from 2007 to 2016

作　　者：关静[1] 张健[1] 邓晟[1] GUAN Jing;ZHANG Jian;DENG Sheng(The Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, China)

机构地区：[1]新疆维吾尔自治区疾病预防控制中心,乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《疾病预防控制通报》2018年第3期21-23,共3页Bulletin of Disease Control & Prevention(China)

摘　　要：目的分析2007—2016年新疆水痘流行病学特征,为预防控制水痘暴发提供参考依据。方法利用EXCEL2010处理数据,以SPSS 19.0统计软件进行描述性分析,采用卡方检验比较率的差异。结果 2007—2016年新疆累计报告水痘病例91 520例,年平均报告发病率43.08/10万,水痘突发公共卫生事件169起;报告发病率北疆地区高于南疆,各地区差异有统计学意义(χ~2=180.49,P<0.05);每年冬、春季为水痘发病高峰期,学校寒暑假期间发病较低;报告发病率男性为44.02/10万、女性39.14/10万,男女发病性别比1.18:1;以15岁以下儿童为主、占报告发病总数的81.71%,5岁～组儿童为高发年龄组;学生、托幼儿童和散居儿童报告病例数占发病总数的54.31%,21.05%和15.44%。结论新疆水痘疫情防控重点仍在托幼机构和中小学校,应加强学校和托幼机构水痘疫情监测,加大健康教育宣传、及时采取隔离措施及在儿童中开展含水痘疫苗的常规预防接种是控制水痘疫情的有效手段。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of varicella in Xinjiang from 2007 to 2016, and provide basis for varicella outbreak prevention and control. Methods Data were analyzed by EXCEL 2010 and SPSS 19.0 for descriptive epidemiological analysis. The difference in rates were compared by Chi square test. Results All 91 520 varicella cases were accumulatedly reported with average annual incidence of 43.08/lakh and 169 public health emergencies of varicella were reported during 2007—2016. The average annual incidence of varicella was higher in northern Xinjiang than in southern Xinjiang with statistical difference（χ^2=180.49, P〈0.05） among areas. Winter and spring were the outbreak peaks of varicella every year. The incidence of school was low during winter and summer holidays. The reported incidence of the male and female was respectively 44.02/lakh and 39.14/lakh with the proportion of male to female of 1.18： 1. The patients under15 year-old were the dominant with proportion of 81.71%, and 5-9 year-old was the peak age of this disease. In total patients, students, children in kindergartens and scattered children accounted for 54.31%, 21.05% and 15.44%, respectively.Conclusions The kindergartens, primary and secondary schools are still the key point for varicella control and prevention in Xinjiang and the epidemic surveillance should be strengthened. Intensive education and publicization, patient isolation and the immunization are the most effective measures for varicella outbreak control and prevention.

关 键 词：水痘 流行病学 疫情暴发 

分 类 号：R511.5[医药卫生—内科学]