2007-2016年新疆和田地区甲型肝炎流行病学特征分析  

Analysis of epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis A in Hotan prefecture from 2007 to 2016

作　　者：阿曼古力.萨伊木 肉孜买买提.吾力玛依提 周俊[2] 海丽且姆.艾山 王希江[3] Armanguli SAYMU;Rouzimaimaiti WULIMAYITI;ZHOU Jun;Hailiqiemu AISHAN;WANG Xi-jiang(Xinjiang Field Epidemiology Training Program, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830002, Chin;Hotan Prefectural Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hotan, Xinjiang 848000, Chin)

机构地区：[1]新疆现场流行病学培训项目,乌鲁木齐830002 [2]新疆和田地区疾病预防控制中心,新疆和田848000 [3]新疆维吾尔自治区疾病预防控制中心,乌鲁木齐830002

出　　处：《疾病预防控制通报》2018年第3期66-69,88,共5页Bulletin of Disease Control & Prevention(China)

摘　　要：目的了解2007—2016年新疆和田地区甲型肝炎流行病学特征,为预防控制甲型肝炎疾病提供流行病学依据。方法整理2007—2016年通过中国疾病监测信息报告管理系统报告的现住址为和田地区的甲型肝炎个案病例、中国免疫规划信息管理系统报告的接种率和和田地区统计年鉴提供的人口资料,使用描述流行病学方法分析甲型肝炎的三间分布,应用统计学软件SPSS 21.0分析数据。结果 2007—2016年平均年发病率38.81/10万,病例主要分布在和田市(103.40/10万)、于田县(44.74/10万)和洛浦县(38.30/10万);发病高峰在每年的8—12月,发病年龄主要集中在10岁以下儿童中,以散居儿童(占71.61%)、托幼儿童及学生(占13.06%)和农民(占8.42%)等发病为主。结论 2007—2016年和田地区甲型肝炎报告发病数(率)呈上升趋势,甲型肝炎传染源仍很多;应重点加强0～10岁儿童和农民的甲型肝炎监测,及时发现、处理甲型肝炎聚集性病例,可有效控制甲型肝炎疫情。Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis A in Hotan prefecture of Xinjiang from2007 to 2016, and provide epidemiological basis for the prevention and control of this disease. Methods The material of hepatitis A in Hotan prefecture, population information and the rate of vaccination was collected from China Disease Surveillance Information Reporting and Management System, Statistical Yearbook of Hotan Prefecture and China Surveillance System of Information on National Immunization Program, respectively. The descriptive epidemiology was taken to analyze the distribution of the disease and the data were analyzed by SPSS 21.0. Results The average annual incidence of hepatitis A during 2007—2016 was 38.81/100 000, and the reported cases were mainly distributed in Hotan city（103.40/100 000）, Yutian county（44.74/100 000） and Luopu county（38.30/100 000）. The peak of onset of hepatitis A was during the period of August to December every year. The cases concentrated in the age group of 0 to 10 years, and mainly in scattered children（71.61%）, children in kindergartens and students（13.06%） and farmers（8.42%）. Conclusions The reported cases（incidences） of hepatitis A tend to be increase from 2007 to 2016. There are still many infection sources of hepatitis A and the surveillance of hepatitis A should be strengthened in the children aged 0-10 years and farmers. The epidemic of hepatitis A will be under controlled effectively by patient discovery and treatment in time.

关 键 词：甲型肝炎 流行病学特征 发病率 

分 类 号：R512.61[医药卫生—内科学] R181.3[医药卫生—临床医学]