枯水期金沙江下游梯级水库叶绿素a与营养盐的空间分布特征  

Spatial Distributions of Chlorophyll-a and Nutrient of the Cascade Reservoir in Dry Season:a Case Study in the Lower Reaches of Jinsha River

作　　者：禤颖敏 付川 闫彬 鲁伦慧[2,3] 李哲 吴彥[1] 张斌[2] 时绍鹏 王海菱 Xuan Yingmin;Fu Chuan;Yan Bin;Lu Lunhui;Li Zhe;Wu Yan;Zhang Bin;Shi Shaopeng;Wang Hailing(School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering,Chongqing Three Gorges University,Chongqing 404000,China;Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciencesy Chongqing 400714,China;Key Laboratory of Water Environment Reservoir,Chinese Academy o f Sciences,Chongqing 400714,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆三峡学院环境与化学工程学院,重庆404000 [2]中国科学院重庆绿色智能技术研究院,重庆400714 [3]中国科学院水库水环境重点实验室,重庆400714

出　　处：《湖北工程学院学报》2018年第3期10-14,共5页Journal of Hubei Engineering University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51679226;51509233)

摘　　要：金沙江是长江的上游河段,其水环境状况关系到整个长江上游乃至下游的水质状况,选择金沙江下游的两个梯级水库溪洛渡和向家坝进行水质监测,其中溪洛渡水库库容129.1×10~8 m^3,向家坝水库库容51.63×10~8 m^3,研究河段总长约185km。2017年2月在溪洛渡—向家坝区域对15个采样水进行采样,测定了叶绿素a浓度、营养盐和其他水质指标,运用统计学的分析方法,对冬季溪洛渡和向家坝区段的氮、磷营养盐和叶绿素a的空间分布特征进行探讨和分析。结果表明:1)表层叶绿素a与氮、磷营养盐的空间分布均呈现出湖泊区>河流区,说明营养盐和浮游植物均被大坝部分拦截;2)溪洛渡和向家坝区段的氮、磷含量已经具备了发生富营养化的条件,该区段以磷为主要限制,而藻类含量相对较低,原因可能是冬季光照少、温度低限制了藻类的生长;3)表层叶绿素a含量与溶解性总磷具有显著的负相关,与pH具备显著的正相关性。Jinsha River is a river in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River,which is related to the water quality in the upper and even lower reaches of the Yangtze River.Hence this study selected two cascade reservoirs-Xiluodu and Xiangjiaba to monitor the water quality.The storage capacity of Xiluodu Reservoir is 129.1×10^8 m^3 and for Xiangjiaba Reservoir it is 51.63×10^8 m^3 with total length of 185 km.Through stratified sampling of 15 sites in the area of Xiluodu and Xiangjiaba Reservoir in February,2017,the distribution of chlorophyll-a（Chl-a）,nutrient and other index concerning water quality were measured.This paper mainly discussed the spatial distribution characteristics of chlorophyll-a and environmental factors in the areas of the two reservoirs in winter.The results showed that the spatial distribution of surface chlorophyll-a,nitrogen and phosphorus indicated lake area river area.It revealed that both nutrients and phytoplankton were potentially held up by the dam.Secondly,the contents of nitrogen and phosphorus have already possessed the condition of eutrophication.In addition,N/P was far greater than 16,which meant that phosphorus might be the main restriction factor,there was relatively sufficient nitrogen and the content of chlorophyll-a was fairly low,which might be the main reason which limited the increase of phytoplankton biomass.Thirdly,there was a significant negative correlation between chlorophyll-a and pH（r=0.547,P〈0.05）.In addition,chlorophyll-a had a significant positive correlation with DTP（r=-0.540,P〈0.05）in the surface water.

关 键 词：金沙江 叶绿素A 营养盐 相关性分析 

分 类 号：Q946[生物学—植物学]