风力发电机叶片临界除冰功率的数值计算模型及自然环境实验研究  

Numerical Model and Field Experimental Investigation of Threshold Heat Flux of Wind Turbine De-icing

作　　者：舒立春[1] 邱刚[1] 胡琴[1] 蒋兴良[1] 王鹏浩 夏翰林 SHU Lichun;QIU Gang;HU Qin;JIANG Xingliang;WANG Penghao;XIA Hanlin(State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment ＆ System Security and New Technology（Chongqing University）,Shapingba Distrtict,Chongqing 400044,Chin)

机构地区：[1]输配电装备及系统安全与新技术国家重点实验室(重庆大学)

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2018年第13期3997-4003,共7页Proceedings of the CSEE

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51377180,51677014);国家创新研究群体基金(51021005)~~

摘　　要：风力发电机叶片电加热除冰技术是目前解决风电场覆冰问题最为经济有效的方法,而临界除冰功率的计算则是该系统设计与运行的关键所在。该文通过开展自然条件下的风力发电机覆冰和临界除冰实验,获得叶片覆冰冰型及相应的临界除冰功率值。进而基于真实的覆冰冰型,通过分析实际临界除冰过程中叶片周围空气流场、过冷却水滴碰撞和叶片表面动态热平衡过程,建立风力发电机叶片临界除冰功率的数值计算模型,并利用上述实验对模型进行验证。结果表明：在该文所处的轻微雨凇覆冰条件下,叶片临界除冰功率处于1000W/m^2的量级,覆冰严重程度是影响该值大小的最主要因素。此外,所建立的模型能够有效地模拟叶片临界除冰过程,所得到的仿真结果与实验结果具有较好的一致性,为寒冷地区风电场的安全稳定运行提供帮助。Wind turbine electro-thermal de-icing technique is currently the most economical and effective way to solve icing problems of wind farms. The calculation of threshold de-icing heat flux is the key to designing and operating this system. Icing shapes and threshold de-icing heat flux were obtained in this article via conducting field experiments of wind turbine icing and threshold de-icing. Based on these real icing shapes, a numerical model for calculating threshold de-icing heat flux was established after analyzing the flow field, the super-cooled water droplets impingement, and the dynamic heat balance that involved in this threshold de-icing process. The results show that the value of threshold de-icing heat flux that under gentle glaze icing environment is in the level of 1000 W/m2. And the key factor that influences this value is the icing degree of wind turbine blade. Besides, the numerical model that established in this article is proved to be capable of simulating the threshold de-icing process. The simulated results are in good consistence of the experimental ones, providing help for the safe and steady operation of cold-region wind turbines.

关 键 词：风力发电机 叶片 临界除冰 数值模型 自然环境实验 

分 类 号：TM85[电气工程—高电压与绝缘技术]