倒班对石油化工企业男性工人心血管疾病常见危险因素的影响  

Influence of shift work on common risk factors of cardiovascular disease in male workers in petrochemical enterprises

作　　者：陈思枝 赵娜[2] 李宏玲[2] 董光辉[1] 王海兰[1,2] CHEN Sizhi;ZHAO Na;LI Hongling;DONG Guanghui;WANG Hailan(School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学公共卫生学院,广东广州510080 [2]广东省职业病防治院、广东省职业病防治重点实验室,510300

出　　处：《中国职业医学》2018年第3期316-320,共5页China Occupational Medicine

基　　金：国家临床重点专科建设项目(2011-09); 广东省职业病防治重点实验室(2017B030314152); 广东省医学科研基金(B2018251)

摘　　要：目的了解倒班作业对石油化工企业男性工人心血管疾病常见危险因素的影响。方法采用判断抽样方法,选取某石油化工企业981名男性工人为研究对象。根据倒班工作情况,分为倒班组619人,非倒班组362人,比较2组人群心血管疾病的常见危险因素相关指标的差异。结果倒班组工人收缩压、舒张压和血清尿酸、空腹血糖(FBG)和总胆固醇(TC)水平均高于非倒班组(P<0.01);倒班工龄≥5.0年亚组工人舒张压,血清FBG、TC、三酰甘油的水平和肥胖检出率均高于倒班工龄<5.0年亚组(P<0.05)。研究对象高血压、高血糖、高脂血症和高尿酸血症的患病率分别为9.3%、1.4%、19.9%和33.4%。倒班组人群高尿酸血症患病率高于非倒班人群(37.0%vs 27.3%,P<0.01)。随着工人倒班工龄增加,高尿酸血症的患病率增加(P<0.01)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,排除年龄、体质指数、吸烟、饮酒等混杂因素后,倒班工龄是罹患高尿酸血症的危险因素(P<0.01),随着倒班工龄的增加,罹患高尿酸血症的风险增加。但倒班工龄与高血压、高血糖、高脂血症均不相关(P>0.05)。结论倒班作业可增加男性工人罹患高尿酸血症的风险;但未发现倒班作业可增加罹患高血压、高血糖和高脂血症的风险。Objective To understand the influence of shift work on common risk factors of cardiovascular disease in male workers in petrochemical enterprises.Methods A total of 981 male workers in a petrochemical enterprise were selected as study subjects by judgment sampling method.According to the current status of work shift,619 workers were in the shift group and 362 in the non-shift group.The differences in the related indicators of common risk factors of cardiovascular disease in these two groups were compared.Results The systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,uric acid,fasting blood glucose（ FBG）,and total cholesterol（ TC） levels in workers of the shift group were higher than that in the non-shift group（ P〈0.01）.The diastolic blood pressure,serum FBG,TC,triglyceride levels,and obesity detection rate in the subgroup workers with a shift length ≥ 5.0 years were higher than that in the subgroup with shift length 〈5.0 years（ P〈0.05）.The prevalence of hypertension,hyperglycemia,hyperlipidemia,and hyperuricemia in the study population were 9.3%,1.4%,19.9% and 33.4%,respectively.The prevalence of hyperuricemia increased with the increased working shift length（ P〈0.01）.The multivariate logistic regression analysis results showed that,the length of shift work was a risk factor for hyperuricemia（ P〈0.01） after excluding the confounding factors such as age,body mass index,smoking and alcohol consumption.With the increase of the length of shift work,the risk of hyperuricemia increased.There was no correlation between shift working length and hypertension,hyperglycemia,and hyperlipidemia（ P〉0.05）.Conclusion Shift work can increase the risk of hyperuricemia in male workers; shift work was not found to increase the risk of hypertension,hyperglycemia,and hyperlipidemia.

关 键 词：倒班 石油化工 心血管疾病 职业病危害因素 高血压 高血糖 高脂血症 高尿酸血症 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]