韭菜迟眼蕈蚊成虫对十三种有机肥的趋性研究  

Preferences of adult Bradysia odoriphaga Yang et Zhang for 13 kinds of organic fertilizers

作　　者：李晓莉 张利焕[3] 曹雪 庄乾营[1] 于毅[1] 周仙红[1] LI Xiao-Li;ZHANG Li-Huan;CAO Xue;ZHUANG Qian-Ying;YU Yi;ZHOU Xian-Hong(Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory for Plant Virology of Shandong, Ji＇nan 250100, China;Agricultural Integrated Service Station of Shouguang Hualong, Shouguang 262700, China;Weifang University of Science and Technology, Facility Horticulture Laboratory of Universities in Shandong, Shouguang 262700, China)

机构地区：[1]山东省农业科学院植物保护研究所山东省植物病毒学重点实验室,济南250100 [2]潍坊科技学院山东省高校设施园艺实验室,寿光262700 [3]寿光市化龙镇农业综合服务站,寿光262700

出　　处：《应用昆虫学报》2018年第3期474-480,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金(ZR2014CQ049);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303027);山东省农业科学院科技创新工程项目(CXGC2016B11);山东省高校设施园艺实验室资助项目(2018YY041)

摘　　要：【目的】通过研究韭菜迟眼蕈蚊Bradysia odoriphaga Yang et Zhang成虫对不同有机肥的趋性,为田间通过施肥防治韭菜迟眼蕈蚊提供理论依据。【方法】选取13种有机肥为实验材料,通过室内控制实验、Y型嗅觉仪实验及田间小区实验,研究了韭菜迟眼蕈蚊成虫对不同有机肥的产卵选择性及嗅觉行为趋性。【结果】韭菜迟眼蕈蚊成虫对不同有机肥的趋性顺序为:豆粕、基质>畜肥>禽肥>香油渣>鹌鹑粪>草木灰(P<0.05)。成虫对豆粕、基质、畜肥等表现为正趋性;对鹌鹑粪、腐熟鹌鹑粪和草木灰表现为负趋性,并且成虫在这3种肥料上的卵量及田间施用小区幼虫数量均显著低于对照(P<0.05)。【结论】田间可在成虫羽化初期合理施用腐熟的禽肥(鹌鹑粪等)或草木灰等,在提高韭菜产量的同时又减少成虫落卵数量,从而控制韭菜迟眼蕈蚊发生量。[Objectives] To determine the preferences of adult Bradysia odoriphaga for different organic fertilizers and thereby provide a scientific basis for choosing fertilizers to control this pest. [Methods] Preferences of adult B. odoriphaga for different organic fertilizers were assessed in indoor controlled experiments, Y-tube experiments and field experiments. [Results] The relative preference for different organic fertilizers was as follows： soybean meal matrix animal manure poultry manure sesame oil residue quail manure plant ash. There was a positive preference for soybean meal matrix and animal manure but a negative preference for quail manure, composted quail manure and plant ash. Moreover, oviposition and numbers of larvae produced on the latter three fertilizers were significantly less than on the control. [Conclusion] Using composted poultry manure and plant ash as fertilizers when adult B. odoriphaga are present could not only improve the efficacy of controlling this pest but also increase crop yield.

关 键 词：韭菜迟眼蕈蚊 成虫 有机肥 Y型嗅觉仪 趋性 

分 类 号：S436.33[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]