无坩埚熔炼气雾化技术制备高纯球形锆粉  

Preparation of Spherical High-Purity Zr Powders by Gas Atomization without Crucible

作　　者：宰雄飞 陈仕奇[1] 吴宏[1] 刘咏[1] Zai Xiongfei;Chen Shiqi;Wu Hong;Liu Yong(State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学粉末冶金国家重点实验室

出　　处：《稀有金属》2018年第8期864-868,共5页Chinese Journal of Rare Metals

基　　金：国家科技部重点研发计划项目(2016YFB1100103);湖南省重点研发计划项目(2016JC2003)资助

摘　　要：以锆棒为原料，采用自主设计的无坩埚熔炼气雾化设备成功制备出高纯球形锆粉。优化气雾化工艺参数，并探究进料速度与雾化压力对雾化过程的影响机制。通过氧氮氢化学成分分析仪分析粉末的氧氮氢含量，激光粒度分析仪和标准筛测定粉末粒径分布，扫描电子显微镜（SEM）观察粉末的球形度及表面形貌，霍尔流速计测定粉末的流动性和松装密度。试验结果表明，在本试验采用的工艺参数范围内，细粉（粒径〈45μm）收得率与雾化压力和进料速度呈正比。控制进料速度为45mm·min^-1，雾化压力为5．0MPa时，雾化过程稳定，且细粉的产出率可达40．50％。采用陔技术制备的高纯球形锆粉，氧氮含量均可控制在较低的范围内，制备的粉末氧含量为870ppm，氮含量仅为10ppm。且制备的粉末粒径可控，表面光洁，形状为球形或近球形，卫星粉较少，具有良好的流动性和松装密度，可用于注射成型、粉末冶金、金属增材制造及核工业等领域。Spherical high-purity Zr powders were prepared by gas atomization equipment without crucible, which was designed inde- pendently. The steady atomization processes were achieved by optimum technology conditions. The influences of feed rates and gas pressure on atomization process were studied. Element contents of gas atomization Zr powders were analyzed with O, N and H analyzer. Particle size distribution was measured by laser particle size analyzer and standard sieves. The surface appearance of powders was observed by scanning electron microscope （SEM）. Flow ability and apparent density of the powders were characterized by Hall flowmeter. The results showed that the yields of fine powder （particle size 〈 45 μm） were improved with the increase of feed rate and gas pressure. And the yield of fine powder cnuld reach 40.50% , when the feed rate was 45 mm·min ^-1 and gas pressure was 5.0 MPa. With this gas atomization technique, oxygen content of powders was 870 × 10^-6 and nitrogen content was 10 × 10^ 6. The particle size distribution could be adjusted in the atomization process. The powder had outstanding flow ability and apparent density due to the nearly spherical shape and smooth powder surface. The powder prepared by the gas atomization without crucible couht be applied to injection molding, powder metallurgy, metal additive manufacturing and nuclear industry etc.

关 键 词：锆粉 气雾化 球形 高纯 

分 类 号：TG146.4[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]