互联网+时代众包交通大数据应用机制研究  

Study on Application Mechanism of Internet + Epoch Crowdsourcing Traffic Big Data

作　　者：刘冬梅[1,2,3] 王文静[1,2,3] 杨子帆 张晓亮[2] 肖晖[2] LIU Dong-mei;WANG Wen-jing;YANG Zi-fan;ZHANG Xiao-liang;XIAO Hui(Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China;Research Institute of Highway, MOT, Beijing 100088, China;Beijing Zhongjiaoguotong ITS Technology Co. , Ltd. , Beijing 100088, China;Beijing Transportation Operations Coordination Center, Beijing 100073, China)

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学,北京100124 [2]交通运输部公路科学研究院,北京100088 [3]北京中交国通智能交通系统技术有限公司,北京100088 [4]北京市交通运行监测调度中心,北京100073

出　　处：《公路交通科技》2018年第7期120-127,共8页Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development

基　　金：北京市交通行业科技项目(kj2017-18);交通运输部公路科学研究院基本科研业务费项目(2016-9040)

摘　　要：当前,交通行业部门掌握了大量的数据,但在面向个体的精细化管理决策方面尚有差距。随着互联网+交通新业态的快速发展,形成了大量基于个体的众包数据,为实现交通行业高标准的服务要求提供了新的手段。本研究探讨了政府信息资源及社会信息资源等众包交通大数据的应用机制。首先,对互联网+时代众包的概念和应用现状进行解析,分析了数据采集、数据处理、算法研究及行业应用等众包的不同环节。其次,确定了应用机制的研究思路。调研了政府部门和互联网企业等各方现有的数据资源和应用情况,分析了政府部门、交通运营企业、互联网企业及公众各自的角色定位和相互关系,并对应用机制的关键问题进行了分析,包括用户管理、数据接入、数据使用、应用服务接入及使用及运行保障等机制。最后,以公路车流量和基于互联网大数据的个体轨迹分析为例,从具体的应用场景入手,分析了政府和企业在众包交通大数据中可能的合作模式,包括购买服务、资源置换、定制产品合作建设及共同研发共同推广等,并对每种合作模式下应用机制的具体问题及应用进行了分析,以期通过对众包交通大数据的应用机制分析,统筹协调各方利益、实现数据共享及支撑扩展各自的应用,搭建政府、企业、公众各方共赢的合作生态链。At present,the transport department mastered large amount of data,however,there is still a gap in the individual-oriented management decisions. With the rapid development of internet plus new transport,large amount individual crowdsourcing data have been formed,which provided a new means for fulfilling the high standard service requirements in the transport industry. The application mechanism of crowdsourcing traffic big data such as government information resources and social information resources is explored. First,the concept and application status of internet plus epoch crowdsourcing are explained,and different sectors of crowdsourcing such as data acquisition,data processing,algorithm research and industrial application are analysed. Second, the research ideas of the application mechanism are determined, the existing data resources and applications of government departments and internet companies are investigated,the roles and relationships among government departments, transport operators, internet companies and public are analyzed,and the key issues of application mechanism including user management,data access,data usage,application services,operation guarantee and other mechanisms are analyzed. Finally,based on road trafficflow and individual trajectory analysis based on internet big data,the possible cooperation modes between government and enterprises in terms of crowdsourcing traffic big data are analyzed based on specific application scenarios. These modes include purchase service,resource replacement,cooperative construction of special products,joint research and development promotion by various parties,etc. The specific and the corresponding problems of application mechanism under each cooperation mode are analyzed,so as to achieve data sharing, coordinate the interests of all parties, realize data sharing, support and extend their applications,and ultimately to build a win-win ecological chain of cooperation among government,enterprises and the public through analyzing the application mechanism of

关 键 词：交通工程 应用机制 众包 购买服务 资源置换 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]