基于湖泊沉积物多指标的水生植被长期演替过程的定量重建  

QUANTITATIVE RECONSTRUCTION OF HISTORICAL AQUATIC PLANT EVOLUTION BASED ON MULTI-PROXY ANALYSIS ON LAKE SEDIMENT

作　　者：董旭辉 张清慧[2] 姚敏[3] 葛亚汶 张永东[2] 羊向东[2] Dong Xuhui;Zhang Qinghui;Yao Min;Ge Yawen;Zhang Yongdong;Yang Xiangdong(School of Geographical Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong;State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu;School of Environment and Planning, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, Shandong)

机构地区：[1]广州大学地理科学学院,广东广州510006 [2]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所、湖泊与环境国家重点实验室,江苏南京210008 [3]聊城大学环境与规划学院,山东聊城252059

出　　处：《第四纪研究》2018年第4期996-1006,共11页Quaternary Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目（批准号：41772372、41472314和41530753）和广州大学“百人计划”共同资助

摘　　要：水生植被是湖泊生态系统最重要的一种生态组份，了解其群落的结构与演化，是理解湖泊生态系统特征的必备条件，对揭示水生生态系统演替过程及驱动效应、水生生态系统的修复等具有重要意义。然而，除了有限的既往观测/文献记录外，重建历史时期的水生植被演替过程一直是第四纪地质、水环境变化研究的一个难点。文章在概述国内外目前已有的多种重建历史水生植被的研究方法的基础上，重点关注基于湖泊沉积物多指标，主要包括利用孢粉、植物残体、硅藻、生物标志化合物等指标的重建方法及研究进展；并以湖北省梁子湖一个岩芯上部21cm的沉积物为例，探讨了各种指标在重建该湖60年以来历史时期水生植被信息的优点及不足，就加强关键属种个体生态学/沉积代表性、古今生态学相结合、多指标相互验证等未来亟待加强的研究方向做一展望。Aquatic plants are one of the most important components in lake ecosystems. The information on their structure and evolution is essential for understanding lake ecosystems, as well as for their restoration and management. Except for those lakes with instrumental records, it is a great challenge to reconstruct the long-term pattern of aquatic plants in global environmental research. With an overall review on the current progress and approaches in reconstructing aquatic plants history, this paper focuses on a multi-proxy approach based on analysis of lake sediments, including pollen, aquatic plant remain, biomarker and diatom. Taking the Lake Liangzi（30°05＇～30°18＇N, 114°21＇～114°39＇E, Hubei Province, China） as an example, we took a 31-cm-long sediment core and examined the sedimentary proxies including 210Pb chronology, diatom and aquatic plant remains. The record on periphytic diatoms and aquatic plant remains were used for evaluating the pros and cons of those proxies in deciphering long-term evolution of aquatic plants, with validation from existing monitoring records on historical aquatic plants. We found that the major species including Potamogeton, Ceratophyllum demersum, Myriophyllum spicatum and Hydrilla verticillata can reflected by both periphytic diatoms and aquatic macrofossils. We thus concluded that aquatic plant remains analysis may be very usefully employed to determine the dominant taxa in past aquatic plant communities of shallow lakes and that the addition of diatom, pollen analysis provides further information on former species richness. For future research, we propose a research scheme including the representativity/autoecology of key species, the combination of neo-and paleo-limnology/ecology and the reconstruction validation by complement of multi-proxies from lake sediment.

关 键 词：湖泊沉积物 水生植被 长期演替 多指标 植物残体 

分 类 号：P532[天文地球—古生物学与地层学] Q948.8[天文地球—地质学]