岩浆型Ni—Cu—PGE硫化物矿床研究现状及进展  

The Research Situation and Progress in Magmatic Ni—Cu— PGE Sulfide Deposits

作　　者：蔡鹏捷 国显正 郑有业 孙述海[2] 刘嘉 陈鑫 俞军真[2] 许荣科 CAI Pengjie;GUO Xianzheng;ZHENG Youye;SUN Shuhai;LIU Jia;CHEN Xin;YU Junzhen;XU Rongke(Institute of Geological Survey,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan,430074;The Faculty of Earth Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan,430074;Institute of Geological Survey,Hubei Province,Wuhan,430074)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(武汉)地质调查研究院,武汉430074 [2]中国地质大学(武汉)资源学院,武汉430074 [3]湖北省地质调查研究院,武汉430030

出　　处：《地质论评》2018年第4期956-979,共24页Geological Review

基　　金：教育部长江学者和创新团队发展计划(编号:IRT14R54);中国地调局项目(编号:121201011000150004)的成果~~

摘　　要：岩浆型Ni—Cu—PGE(platinum group elements,铂族元素)硫化物矿床是重要的铜镍矿床类型,探讨该类型矿床产出环境,成矿作用,矿床成因机制具有重要意义。本文通过对该类型矿床时空分布规律,矿床成矿过程,成矿理论,勘查技术等方面入手,搜集大量资料,综述该类型矿床在成岩成矿年代学、地球化学特征、矿床形态、成矿理论和成矿判别标志等方面的研究现状,结果表明:岩浆型Ni—Cu—PGE硫化物矿床在容矿岩石、成矿作用方式或主要金属组份、成矿构造环境等特点具有不同分类方式,并且硫化物(矿层)的分布都具有重力分异的特点;在时空分布规律方面国外Ni—Cu—PGE硫化物矿床主要形成时间是在中元古代以前,而中国主要形成时间是在中元古代以后;其中早古生代晚期(390~430 Ma)的该类矿床目前仅发现于中国,以夏日哈木超大型矿床为代表;成矿模式存在"岩浆通道成矿"和"小岩体成大矿"之争,二者在成矿位置、岩浆上侵方式、外来地壳硫的加入存在差异;依据全岩m/f与Mg~#比值判定岩体含矿性,结合铂族比值、磁铁矿的(Ni+Cr)/(Si+Mg)比值、磁铁矿Ti含量等可作为该类型矿床勘查评价的重要参考指标。The magmatic Ni-Cu- PGE（platinum group elements） sulfide deposit is one of most important Copper-Nickel deposit types. It is of great significance to discussion about the metallogenic environment, mineralization and genetic mechanism of the type deposit. This paper has made a detailed analysis the Ni-Cu- PGE sulfide deposits on the conent of temporal and spatial distribution, metallogenic process, geochemical characteristics, metallogenic theory and exploration technology on the the data gathered from diagenetic and metallogenic geochronology, geochemical characteristics, ore deposit morphology, metallogenic theory and metallogenic discrimination mark. The results include： The classification methods of magmatic Ni-Cu- PGE sulfide deposits include ore hosting rocks, ore forming styles, main metal components and metallogenic tectonic environment, and the distribution of sulfide （ore bed） has the characteristics of gravity differentiation. The formation time of the magmatic Ni-Cu- PGE sulfide deposits were mainly later than the Middle Proterozoic era in the China, and were mainly than the Middle Proterozoic era in other countries. The late Paleozoic （390~430 Ma） deposits were found only in China, especially the Xiarihamu super large ore deposit has global significance. The debate between the theory of small intrusions forming large deposits and the theory of magma channels forming deposits originate is mainly in metallogenic location, magmatic intrusion pattern and the necessity for crust S. There are important reference indexes for judging ore bearing property, which include the ratio of m/f vs. Mg# and the conten of platinum group in whole rock, the ratio of Ni＋Cr vs. Si＋Mg and the conten of Ti in primary magnetite.

关 键 词：岩浆型Ni-cu-PGE(platinum group elements 铂族元素)硫化物矿床 时空分布 成矿过程 成矿理论 勘查评价指标 

分 类 号：P612[天文地球—矿床学]