纳米TiO_2改性聚醋酸乙烯酯—丙烯酸丁酯乳液的制备及其在高寒沙地固沙中的应用性能Ⅱ乳液的固沙性能研究  

Preparation and application properties of nano-TiO_2 modified polyvinyl acetatebutyl acrylate emulsion for sand-fixing at high altitude and low-temperature desert Ⅱ Sand-fixing properties of nano-TiO_2 modified P(VAc/BA) emulsion

作　　者：唐立涛 刘军[1] 陈华林 张瑜[1] 丁克毅[1] TANG Li-tao;LIU Jun;CHEN Hua-lin;ZHANG Yu;DING Ke-yi(School of Chemistry and Environmental Protection Engineering, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041 ,P. R. C.)

机构地区：[1]西南民族大学化学与环境保护工程学院,四川成都610041

出　　处：《西南民族大学学报（自然科学版）》2018年第4期358-366,共9页Journal of Southwest Minzu University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金："十三五"国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0500900)子课题"有机生物化学治沙材料研发及其应用"(2016YFC0500904);高分子材料工程国家重点实验室开放课题(sklpme2016-4-24)

摘　　要：针对川西北高海拔沙化地区平均气温低,昼夜温差大、紫外照射强烈的特点,应用自制的纳米TiO_2改性P(VAc/BA)乳液,通过扫描电镜分析、固沙强度分析、耐热老化实验、保水实验、植物发芽实验等手段,研究了其在实验室模拟条件下的应用性能.结果表明,使用固含量为5%的乳液与沙子混合,干燥后经过扫描电镜分析发现沙粒之间产生粘合作用,在喷洒过固沙剂的沙堆表面形成了一层2~3 mm的固结层;沙子表面固结层的抗压能力能够满足对固沙强度的要求.经过冻融循环和耐热循环实验后的沙模,抗压强度虽然呈现出下降的趋势,但是整体下降不大,第10次循环后其强度仍然符合国际同行的对于固沙材料相关要求.喷洒了固沙剂的沙模,随着乳液浓度的增加,其中的水分剩余量有明显的提升,在7 h后的水分剩余量为39%,明显高于对照样.当所施用的固沙乳液的固含量为3~4%时,燕麦种子发芽率、发芽势高于对照样,固沙剂的固含量变化对燕麦种子10天后的生长高度基本不产生影响.The desertification area in northwest of Sichuan province is unique for its high altitude, low-temperature and strong ul- traviolet. According to this special condition, a contraposing sand-fixing emulsion, nano-TiO2modified P（VAc/BA） was prepared in the previous work. In the present continuous work, under a simulated condition in laboratory, its applying properties were in- vestigated through a series of experiments such as SEM, sand mold strength analyzing, heat aging experiment, water conservation experiment and plant growth experiment. The results were as follows ：When the solid content of the emulsion was 4% , a bonding layer with 2 - 3 mm was formed on the surface of sand mold after spraying emulsion;its compressive strength was still beyond the international requirement for sand-fixing materials after ten times of freezing thawing or heat resistance experiment ; The pre- serving water content would increase with the increasing of emulsion concentration ,when the sand mold was treated with a 4% solid content emulsion ,39% of water in the sand mold was preserved after 7 h, which was significantly higher than that of the control samples;With the spraying of a 3 -4% solid content of emulsion, the germination ratio and growth speed of oat seed were higher than those of the control sample. The experiment results also indicated that the solid content of the spraying emul- sion had little influence on the germination ratio and growth speed of oat seed within a period of 10 days.

关 键 词：高寒沙地 固沙性能 纳米TIO2 聚醋酸乙烯酯乳液 

分 类 号：O63[理学—高分子化学] TQ317[理学—化学]