刀具表面微结构对流体润滑状态的仿真分析  

Simulation Analysis of Fluid Lubrication State of Surface Texture on Cutting Tool

作　　者：陈馨雯 郝秀清[1,2] 陈朝阳 杨鑫 汤佳明 魏俊豪 李亮 CHEN Xinwen;HAO Xiuqing;CHEN Chaoyang;YANG Xin;TANG Jiaming;WEI Junhao;LI Liang(College of Mechanical Engineering,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing Jiangsu 210016,China;State Key Laboratory of Tribology,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学机电学院,江苏南京210016 [2]清华大学摩擦学国家重点实验室,北京100084

出　　处：《润滑与密封》2018年第7期13-22,51,共11页Lubrication Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51505219;51375236);江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20150748);中国博士后基金项目(2017M610327);清华大学摩擦学国家重点实验室开放基金项目(SKLTKF16A04);南京航空航天大学本科生创新实践工程自由探索计划项目(ZT2016044)

摘　　要：为探讨刀具表面微结构的润滑情况和减摩机制,使用流体软件FLUENT仿真分析刀-屑接触面间润滑流体的流动情况,研究不同微结构面积率、深度及形状参数下润滑流体的压强分布、承载力、入口质量流速等,得到微结构优化参数;同时分析油膜上壁面运动速度及油膜厚度对润滑性能的影响。结果表明:随微结构区域面积率的增加,动压效应先增大后减小,总承载力持续下降;随着微结构深度的增加,总压承载先增大后趋于稳定,但动压效应总体趋于减小;正方形凹坑的总压承载情况较好,直沟槽的动压承载最好,波浪形沟槽的动、总压承载都较好;随着油膜厚度的增加,总压呈现下降趋势;随着油膜上壁面运动速度的增加,入口质量流速急剧增加,油膜上壁面的总压承载变化很小,动压承载急剧减小。优化的微结构可以减小刀-屑界面的摩擦,延缓刀具磨损,且切削速度和油膜厚度的选择可指导实际加工参数的设定。In order to understand lubrication condition and antifriction mechanism of surface texture,the flow of lubricating fluid between contact surfaces was analyzed by the FLUENT. The pressure distribution,bearing capacity and inlet mass flow rate of the lubricating fluid with different texture area rate,depth and shape parameters were studied. The optimization parameters of texture were obtained,and the influence of the velocity of oil film upper wall and the oil film thickness on the lubrication performance was analyzed. The results show that with the increase of the area ratio,the dynamic pressure effect is first increased and then decreased,and the total bearing capacity is decreased continuously. With the increase of the texture depth,the total pressure bearing capacity is firstly increased and then tends to remain unchanged,and the dynamic pressure effect tends to decrease. Square pit texture has better total pressure bearing capacity,straight groove texture has the best dynamic load,and wave groove texture has better dynamic and total load. With the increase of oil film thickness,the inlet mass flow rate is increased sharply,and the total pressure is decreased. With the increase of the velocity of oil film upper wall,the total pressure of the oil film changes little,and the dynamic pressure is decreased rapidly. The optimized texture can reduce the friction of the tool-chip interface and the tool wear rate,and the selection of the cutting speed and the oil film thickness can guide the setting of machining parameters.

关 键 词：表面微结构 油膜润滑 流体仿真 

分 类 号：TH117.2[机械工程—机械设计及理论]