低温往复O形圈失效机制研究  

Failure Mechanism on Reciprocating O-ring under Low Temperature

作　　者：桂鹏[1] 陈轶杰[1] 高晓东[1] 杜甫[1] 徐梦岩 张旭[1] GUI Peng;CHEN Yijie;GAO Xiaodong;DU Fu;XU Mengyan;ZHANG Xu(Department of Chassis Components Technology,China North Vehicle Research Institute,Beijing 100072,China)

机构地区：[1]中国北方车辆研究所底盘部件技术部,北京100072

出　　处：《润滑与密封》2018年第7期126-130,共5页Lubrication Engineering

摘　　要：针对油气弹簧O形圈低温往复条件下普遍出现的失效现象,采用有限元方法建立O形圈摩擦力计算模型,研究常温与低温工况下O形圈的应力、接触宽度、摩擦力随油液压力的变化规律。结果表明,随油液压力的增加,常温下O形圈的应力、接触宽度、摩擦力均增大,而低温下Von Mises应力、接触宽度减小,接触应力和摩擦力增大;低温工况下O形圈的Von Mises应力、接触应力和摩擦力远大于常温工况;当油液压力大于12 MPa时,摩擦力随油液压力的变化率增加;低温工况下橡胶材料的玻璃化导致的O形圈拉力与摩擦力增大是其密封性能下降进而失效的主要因素,实际使用中必须予以考虑。Aimed at the problem of the common failure of O-ring in hydro-pneumatic springs under low temperature and reciprocating movement,a friction calculation model of O-ring was established based on finite element method. The law of the stress,contact width and friction varied with oil pressure under normal and low temperatures was studied. The results show that,under normal temperature,the stress,contact width and friction are increased with the increase of oil pressure,while under low temperature,the Von Mises stress,contact width are decreased and the contact stress and friction are increased with the increase of oil pressure. The Von Mises stress,contact stress and friction under low temperatures are far greater than that under low temperatures,when the oil pressure is larger than 12 MPa,the change rate of friction with pressure is increased. The increase of tensile force and friction caused by the glass transition of rubber material is the key reason for the failure of O-ring under low temperature,which should be considered in practical use.

关 键 词：O形圈 失效机制 摩擦力 低温 往复运动 

分 类 号：TB42[一般工业技术]