多旋翼微型无人机气象探测适用性分析  

Applicability of Micro Multi-Rotor UAV in Meteorological Observation

作　　者：姜明 史静 姚巍 庄庭 连高欣 Jiang Ming;Shi Jing;Yao Wei;Zhuang Ting;Lian Gaoxin(Tianjin Meteorological Observation Centre,Tianjin 300061;Tianjin Binhai New Area Meteorological Service,Tianjin 300457)

机构地区：[1]天津市气象探测中心,天津300061 [2]天津市滨海新区气象局,天津300457

出　　处：《气象科技》2018年第3期479-484,共6页Meteorological Science and Technology

基　　金：天津市气象局2016年科研项目"利用微型无人机开展低空气象探测的研究与应用"(201643ybxm29)资助

摘　　要：本文通过多种试验对多旋翼无人机搭载微型气象探测设备进行低空温湿度探测和数据传输进行了适用性分析。结果表明,采用433 MHz无线透传的数据通讯方式数据传输稳定性较好,选用的微型气象探测设备温湿度传感器通过了实验室计量检定,与百叶箱温湿度的对比观测中二者一致性较好;无人机在单纯悬停过程中,温湿度观测与对比观测设备误差较小,相关性较好;在低空连续飞行过程中,温湿度观测结果与探空仪观测结果具有较好的一致性(温度平均绝对误差0.84℃,相对湿度平均绝对误差4%),但存在温湿度小脉动变化无法捕捉的情况,可能与设备温湿度响应时间、通风防辐射罩结果、飞行速度等有关。Several experiments were made by means of the micro multi-rotor UAV（Unmanned Aerial Vehicle）carrying device to conduct air temperature and relative humidity observation.The results show：（1）the observing data transmission stability is better when using the 433 MHZ wireless transmission;（2）the temperature and relative humidity sensors pass the metrological verification;（3）the air temperature and relative humidity consistency between this device and the shelter in the National Automatic Weather Station is better;（4）during the hovering,the observation error is less and the correlation is good between two devices;（5）when using the device and a radiosonde at the same time,the mean absolute error of is0.84 ℃for air temperature and 4%for relative humidity,and there appeared small-amplitude changes in temperature and relative humidity,which can attribute to the response time,ventilation and radiation protector,flying speed,etc.

关 键 词：多旋翼无人机 气象探测 温度 湿度 适用性 

分 类 号：P414[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]