减量施用条件下40%五氯硝基苯粉剂对人参苗期病害的防效  

Control Effect of Pentachloronitrobenzene(PCNB) 40% Powder on the Ginseng Seedling Diseases at Lower than Constant Dose

作　　者：解林昊 靳晓山 卢宝慧[1] 杨丽娜[1] 马贵龙[1] 王雪[1] 高洁[1] XIE Lin-hao;JIN Xiao-shan;LU Bao-hui;YANG Li-na;MA Gui-long;WANG Xue;Gao Jie(College of Agronomy,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学农学院,长春130118

出　　处：《农药》2018年第7期527-531,535,共6页Agrochemicals

基　　金：吉林省科技发展计划项目(20180201003NY);国家重点研发计划--土壤处理对微生物的影响及生态功能重建技术(2017YFD0201606)

摘　　要：[目的]明确低于常规剂量使用条件下五氯硝基苯对人参苗期病害的防治效果。[方法]采用菌丝生长速率法测定40%五氯硝基苯粉剂对人参中7种主要病原菌的抑菌活性,采用种子和土壤处理方法比较低于常规使用剂量条件下其对人参苗期病害的防治效果。[结果]40%五氯硝基苯粉剂对人参中7种病原菌均有一定抑制作用,对Fusarium solani和Rhizoctonia solani的抑制作用最好,EC_(50)值分别为7.71、9.63 mg/L;2年2地田间药效试验结果表明:在用量2~3 g a.i./m^2(低于常规使用剂量下)40%五氯硝基苯粉剂土壤处理对人参苗期病害的防效为50.11%~57.79%,与4 g a.i./m^2(常规使用剂量)和对照药剂70%霉灵可溶粉剂的防效差异不显著;用量2~4 g a.i./kg(低于常规使用剂量下)40%五氯硝基苯粉剂种子处理对人参苗期病害的防效为53.04%~56.35%,与6 ga.i./kg(常规使用剂量)和对照药剂25 g/L咯菌腈悬浮种衣剂的防效差异不显著。[结论]40%五氯硝基苯粉剂在低于常规使用剂量25%的情况下仍然对人参苗期病害表现出较好的防治效果,为五氯硝基苯在人参上减量施用提供了科学依据。[Aims] This study aims to clarify the control effect of PCNB to ginseng seedling diseases at lower dose than recommended.[Methods] The indoor antibacterial activity of PCNB 40% powder on 7 pathogens of ginseng diseases was determined using a mycelium growth rate method,by comparison of the effect of PCNB 40% powder at lower doses than recommended on ginseng seedling diseases in field using soil and seed treatment methods.[Results] The results of indoor antibacterial assay showed that PCNB 40% powder have a certain inhibitory effect on the seven pathogens of ginseng diseases,the inhibitory effects on Fusarium solani and Rhizoctonia solani were better than others,the EC50 values were 7.71 and 9.63 mg/L,respectively.The field results of two years in two fields showed that the average control effect of PCNB 40% powder against ginseng seedling diseases using soil treatment with effective components 2-3 g a.i./m^2（lower than constant dose） was 50.11-57.79%,which has no significant difference from those of PNCB at constant dose（4 g a.i./m^2） and hymexazol 70% SP.The average control effect of PCNB 40% powder to ginseng seedling diseases using seed treatments at 2-4 g a.i./kg（lower than constant dose） was 53.04-56.35%,which did not show any significance compared with that at 6 g a.i./kg（constant dose） and fludioxonil 25 g/L FS.[Conclus ions] PCNB40% powder still exhibited better control effect to ginseng seedling diseases at 25% lower than constant dose,the results laid scientific foundation for reduction of PCNB application dose against ginseng seedling diseases.

关 键 词：五氯硝基苯 苗期病害 室内抑菌测定 田间药效 减量施用 

分 类 号：S482.2[农业科学—农药学]