橡胶林与其他环境类型间负氧离子水平的比较研究  

Comparison Study of Negative Oxygen Ion in Rubber Plantation and Other Types of Environments

作　　者：谢江[1] 张勇波 陈国云[1] 周会平[1] XIE Jiang;ZHANG Yong-bo;CHEN Guo-yun;ZHOU Hui-ping(Yunnan Institute of Tropical Crops,J inghong,Yunnan 666100,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省热带作物科学研究所,云南景洪666100

出　　处：《西北林学院学报》2018年第4期78-82,共5页Journal of Northwest Forestry University

基　　金：云南省热带作物科技创新体系建设专项(RF2013-2016);云南省两类人才培养项目(2014HB095)

摘　　要：为评估橡胶林是否具有调节大气环境的功能,以西双版纳景洪市郊不同树龄(幼林、成林、老林)的橡胶林为主要监测对象,以同区域内另2种人工种植园(澳洲坚果园和茶园)及其他典型生境类型(沟谷雨林、森林公园和市区)为对照监测对象,研究橡胶林负氧离子分布变化规律,分析了各类型环境的负氧离子水平差异及其影响因素。结果表明:1)负氧离子水平一般呈现雨季和雾凉季高于旱季的季节变化特征;2)橡胶幼林和茶园的负氧离子浓度易受瞬时天气影响而出现极低值(500~600个/cm3)或极高值(3 000~4 000个/cm3),而橡胶成林、老林及澳洲坚果园的负氧离子浓度通常都较稳定地处于相对较高水平(2 000个/cm3);3)由橡胶幼林到成林再到老林,产生和保持负氧离子的能力大致呈现先弱后强再有所减弱的趋势;4)橡胶林内负氧离子浓度与空气相对湿度显著正相关,而与温度的相关性不明显;5)不同环境类型间负氧离子浓度差异显著,尤其是在旱季,沟谷雨林远高于其他类型环境(>7 391个/cm3),其次是森林公园内空中花园、橡胶成林及老林等植物多而人较少的地方(>1 500个/cm3),另外胶幼林、市区的江边及花卉园等植物较多但人也较多的区域(>1 000个/cm3),而市区广场等人较多且植物较少的环境是最低的,反映了植物分布多少和人流量大小对负氧离子水平的显著影响。可见,橡胶林具有产生和维持相对较高水平的空气负氧离子水平的能力,有利于调节区域小气候和空气质量。In order to understand the function of rubber plantation for regulating atmosphere,different ages of rubber plantations（young,adult and old）were selected as the study objects with macadamia plantation,tea plantation and other local environments（rainforest,rainforest,forest scenic and downtown area）in Jinghong of Xishuangbanna as the references.The distribution pattern of negative oxygen ion,difference between those environments and influence factors were studied.The results showed that 1）the negative oxygen ion concentration in rainy season was often higher than dry season.2）In young rubber plantation and tea plantation,the negative oxygen ion concentration was easily affected by instantaneous weather and extremely changed with minimum value（500-600/cm3）or maximum value（3 000-4 000/cm3）,while it was usually stable with relatively high values（about 2 000/cm3）in adult rubber plantation,old rubber plantation and macadamia plantation.3）As for the young,adult and old rubber plantations,the capacity to produce and maintain negative oxygen ion approximately showed a trend of weak-strong-weak.4）The neg-ative oxygen ion concentration was significantly positively related to air relative humidity,but not correlated with temperature.5）The negative oxygen ion levels were remarkable different among different environments on account of the impact of plant distribution and visitor flow,especially in dry season：the rainforest with numerous plants and less visitors was much higher than other environments（7 391/cm3）,secondly was the environment with plentiful plants but less visitors（e.g.,garden in forest scenic,adult rubber plantation and old rubber plantation）（〉1 500/cm3）,thirdly is the environment with a few plants and a large number of visitors（e.g.,young rubber plantation,Lancang riverside and Flower garden）（〉1 000/cm3）,and last was the environment with less plants but a large number of visitors（e.g.urban square）（〈1 000/cm3）.It was concluded that rubber plantati

关 键 词：负氧离子 橡胶林 人工林 沟谷雨林 森林公园 

分 类 号：S794.102[农业科学—林木遗传育种]