凝灰岩型含油层系特征与成因分析——以准噶尔盆地火烧山油田二叠系平地泉组为例  

Characteristics and Origin of Tuffaceous Tight Oil: Based on a reference of tight oil in Permain Pingdiquan Formation in Huoshaoshan oil field,Junggar Basin

作　　者：张丽霞[1] 柳益群[2] 向辉[1] 李红[2] 周鼎武[2] 焦鑫[2] 李哲萱 南云[2] ZHANG LiXia;LIU YiQun;XIANG Hui;LI Hong;ZHOU DingWu;JIAO Xin;LI ZheXuan;NAN Yun(Zhundong Exploration Development Research Institute of Xinjiang Oilfield Company,Fukang,Xinjiang 831511,China;State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics,Geology Department,Northwest University,Xi’an 710069,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆油田公司准东采油厂勘探开发研究所,新疆阜康831511 [2]西北大学大陆动力学国家重点实验室/地质学系,西安710069

出　　处：《沉积学报》2018年第4期768-776,共9页Acta Sedimentologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41572086)~~

摘　　要：新疆准噶尔盆地火烧山油田的中二叠统平地泉组(对应芦草沟组)是一套典型的黑色含油层系,长期被认为是裂谷盆地(或岛弧盆地)中富含生烃母质的深湖相泥岩。通过矿物学、岩石学等方面的综合分析认为:平地泉组的岩石碎屑主要来源于地幔碱性—过碱性的超基性岩浆岩(以碳酸岩为主)和中酸性岩浆岩(以安山岩和流纹岩为主)的喷爆物和溢流物,以出现碱性—过碱性的碱性长石、富铝石英、岩浆方解石、霓石、锂云母、硅钡钛石、蛇纹石等超基性岩浆矿物和以碱性—过碱性的碱性长石、石英等中酸性岩浆矿物为特征。上述喷爆的矿物碎屑与基质在富含地幔流体的滨湖—沼泽—热泉环境中发生热液蚀变,最终形成富含幔源岩浆矿物及热液矿物的凝灰质沉积系列,并参与生烃过程。凝灰物质提供的热及丰富的营养物质促进了滨湖—沼泽—热泉中藻类、微生物等生烃母质勃发,并导致液态烃早生成;凝灰岩类中丰富的原生粒间孔和方沸石溶蚀孔是烃类的主要储集空间。凝灰岩层厚度差异较大,多与正常沉积岩互层或夹于厚层沉积岩中。The Pingdiquan Formation（ also known as Lucaogou Formation） of middle Permian in Huoshaoshan oilfield,Junggar Basin,Xinjiang,is a well-known black oil-bearing series that has been considered as a set of deep,hydrocarbon-rich lacustrine mudstone in a rift basin. Comprehensive mineralogy and petrology analysis indicate that abundant rock fragments are from the explosion of alkaline-peralkaline ultrabasic magmatic rocks（ mainly of carbonatite） and intermediate-acid magmatic rocks（ mainly rhyolite and andesite）. This is characterized by the fragments of bimodal volcanic rocks such as alkaline-peralkaline ultrabasic magmatic rocks（ including alkaline feldspar,aluminum-rich quart,magma calcite,aegirine,lithium mica titanium,batisite,serpentine,etc.） and fragments of intermediate-acidic magmatic rocks（ including alkaline feldspar,quart）. The system of lake-swamp-hot spring is rich in mantle fluids contributing to hydrothermal alternation of above explosive matters and matrix,which was eventually deposited with normal sedimentary rock layers,and formed a set of tuff material-hydrothermal explosive rocks which are rich in mantle-derived fluids. The alternation also leads to hydrocarbon generated in deposited period. Tuff material provided heat and nutrients contributed the algae,microorganisms to promote hydrocarbons generation in lakeshore,marsh,and hydrothermal field. Abundant primary intergranular pores of tuff and analcite dissolution pores are the main reservoir space of hydrocarbons. The thickness of tuff layers varies greatly and they are intebeted in lacustrine sedimentary layers.

关 键 词：凝灰岩 黑色含油层系 岩浆—热液喷流作用 二叠系 准噶尔盆地 

分 类 号：P618.13[天文地球—矿床学]