冷季放牧补饲对甘肃高山细毛后备母羊瘤胃代谢参数及瘤胃微生物数量的影响  

Impact of cold-season grazing and supplementary feeding on rumen metabolic parameters and micro-organisms in the ewes of Gansu Alpine Fine Wool Sheep

作　　者：靳继鹏 郭武君[1,2] 张筱艳 张昌吉[1] 张勇[1] 王春辉[1] 张利平 JIN Ji -peng;GUO Wu- jun;ZHANG Xiao- yan;ZHANG Chang- ji;ZHANG Yong;WANG Chun -hui;ZHANG Li -ping(College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China;Tibet Shannan Voca tional and Technical Schools, Shannan 856000, China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学动物科学技术学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]西藏山南市职业技术学校,西藏山南856000

出　　处：《草业学报》2018年第7期93-102,共10页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项"放牧牛羊营养均衡需要研究与示范"(201303062)和"国家绒毛用羊产业技术体系饲养管理与圈舍环境岗位科学家任务"(CARS-39-18)资助

摘　　要：旨在筛选出甘肃高山细毛羊后备母羊科学合理的补饲料,改变牧区由于营养供给不足导致甘肃高山细毛羊2.5岁才能配种的饲养方式。试验选择甘肃高山细毛羊(12月龄)48只,随机分为试验a(1号料)、b(2号料)、c(3号料)组和对照组(不补饲),进行90d放牧补饲试验。结果表明,1)瘤胃pH试验a组和b组差异极显著(P<0.01)、c组显著(P<0.05)低于对照组,瘤胃氨态氮、蛋白氮、总氮浓度试验组均极显著高于对照组(P<0.01),总挥发性脂肪酸(VFA)试验a组和b组均极显著高于对照组(P<0.01),b组显著高于c组(P<0.05);乙酸和丙酸摩尔比a组极显著高于对照组(P<0.01),b和c组显著高于对照组(P<0.05);丁酸摩尔比a组极显著高于c组(P<0.01);乙/丙b组显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。2)瘤胃纤维降解菌和原虫数目试验组均极显著(P<0.01)或显著(P<0.05)高于对照组。综上所述,补饲均能正向影响甘肃高山细毛羊后备母羊瘤胃代谢参数及瘤胃微生物数量,以1号料补饲效果最优,2号料也能起到理想效果。An experiment was conducted to scientifically identify the appropriate feed for Gansu Alpine Fine Wool ewes in order to change the animals＇ breeding mode,which currently can only be mated at the age of 2.5 years due to insufficient nutritional supply.The experiment selected 48 12-month-old ewes and randomly divided them into group a（Diet 1）,group b（Diet 2）,group c（Diet 3）,and a control group with no supplementary feeding.The feed test was run for 90 days.The rumen pH of groups a and b were very significantly higher（P〈0.01）or group c significantly lower（P〈0.05）than control group.The rumen ammonia nitrogen,protein nitrogen and total nitrogen of groups a,b and c were all higher than control group（P〈0.01）.The total volatile fatty acids of group a and b were all higher than the control group（P〈0.01）,group b significantly higher than group c（P〈0.05）.The molar ratio of acetic acid and propionic acid in group a was very significantly higher than control group（P〈0.01）,group b and c were significantly higher than control group（P〈0.05）.The molar ratio of butyric acid in group a was very significantly higher than group c（P〈0.01）.The ratio of acetic acid and propionic acid in group b was significantly lower than control group（P〈0.05）.The number of several rumen fiber-degrading bacteria and protozoa in groups a,b and c were very significantly（P〈0.01）or significantly（P〈0.05）higher than the control.In conclusion,this study shows that supplementary feeding can positively affect the rumen metabolic parameters and the number of several rumen microorganisms in Gansu Alpine Fine Wool ewes.In general,the effects of Diet 1 were the strongest,while Diet 2 also produced notable improvements.

关 键 词：冷季放牧补饲 甘肃高山细毛羊 瘤胃代谢参数 瘤胃微生物 

分 类 号：S826[农业科学—畜牧学]