湖南省阳明山山顶苔藓矮林物种组成与多样性的十年动态  

Decade dynamics of species composition and diversity of mountaintop mossy dwarf forest on the Yangming Mountains,Hunan Province,China

作　　者：陈艳华 龙岳林[1] 彭重华[3] CHEN Yan-hua;LONG Yue-lin;PENG Zhong-hua(Horticulture ＆ Landscape College,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China;Hunan Institute of Science and Technology,Yueyang 414000,Hunan,China;College of Landscape Architecture,Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Changsha 410004,China）.)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学园艺园林学院,长沙410128 [2]湖南理工学院,湖南岳阳414000 [3]中南林业科技大学风景园林学院,长沙410004

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2018年第7期2111-2120,共10页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家林业局"十三五"重点学科项目(201544);湖南省教育厅"十二五"重点学科项目(2011-76)资助~~

摘　　要：于2005年在湖南省阳明山国家级自然保护区的阳明山山顶苔藓矮林聚集区建立了3块样地,从物种数量特征、物种重要值、径级结构、高度结构和物种多样性等方面分析了2005—2016年苔藓矮林物种组成和多样性的变化.结果表明:从2005年到2016年,样地内乔木层植物基径(DGH)≥1.0 cm的个体数量减少了30.9%,其中减少率最大的物种为荚蒾,达到98.6%,减少率最小的物种是云锦杜鹃,为1.8%.样地内的物种数有所上升,但均匀度下降.除云锦杜鹃重要值增加外,其余各物种的重要值在10年后均大幅下降,云锦杜鹃为山顶苔藓矮林的优势种.矮林内物种的径级分布以1 cm等级排列,整个矮林的物种表现为小径木(1 cm≤DGH<6 cm)个体数量多,而中径木(6 cm≤DGH<15 cm)和大径木(15 cm≤DGH)个体数量少的特点.云锦杜鹃的径级结构呈倒"J"型,群落高度增高,表现出稳定和发展良好的趋势;而其他物种更新不良,径级结构不规律.整体上,样地Patrick和Menhinick物种丰富度指数和Simpson指数上升,Shannon指数和Pielou指数下降.Three monitoring plots were established in the Yangming Mountains mossy dwarf forest concentration zone in the Yangmingshan National Nature Reserve in Hunan Province in 2005. The changes of species composition and diversity during 2005-2016 were analyzed from species numerical characteristics,species importance value,diameter class structure,height structure,and species diversity. The results showed that from 2005 to 2016,the individual number for ≥ 1. 0 cm diameter at ground height（ DGH） in tree layer decreased by 30.9%. Viburnum dilatatum decreased greatest with 98.6%,and Rhododendron fortunei decreased least with 1. 8%. Species richness was increased,and evenness was decreased. Except for R. fortunei,the importance values of all the species decreased significantly after ten years,indicating that R. fortunei was the dominant species in the dwarf forest. The diameter-class distribution of species in the dwarf forest was arranged at 1 cm level. The density of small-diameter（ 1 cm≤DGH6 cm） species was higher,but that of mediumdiameter（ 6 cm≤DGH15 cm） and large-diameter（ 15 cm≤DGH） was lower. The diameter-class distribution of R. fortunei exhibited a reversed ‘J＇shape,and the height of community increased from 2005 to 2016,indicating the population had a stable and well-developing trend. The other species were poorly renewed and their diameter-class structure was irregular. Generally,the Patrick and Menhinick richness indices and the Simpson index were increased,and the Shannon and Pielou indices were decreased during the ten years.

关 键 词：山顶苔藓矮林 云锦杜鹃 物种组成 径级结构 物种多样性 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]