土壤微生物生物量碳氮磷与土壤酶化学计量对气候变化的响应机制  

Responses mechanism of C:N:P stoichiometry of soil microbial biomass and soil enzymes to climate change

作　　者：许淼平 任成杰 张伟 陈正兴 付淑月 刘伟超 杨改河[1] 韩新辉[1] XU Miao-ping;REN Cheng-jie;ZHANG Wei;CHEN Zheng-xing;FU Shu-yue;LIU Wei-chao;YANG Gai-he;HAN Xin-hui(College of Agronomy,Northwest A＆F University/ Research Center of Recycle Agricultural Engineering and Technology of Shaanxi Province,Yangling 712100,Shaanxi,China）.)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学农学院/陕西省循环农业工程技术研究中心,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2018年第7期2445-2454,共10页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0504601)资助~~

摘　　要：微生物和土壤酶是陆地生态系统中生物地球化学循环的重要驱动力,深入理解微生物在生态系统中的调节作用以及气候变化过程中微生物量和土壤酶的响应机制是生态学领域关注的重要科学问题.本研究从气候因素角度出发,基于生态化学计量学理论,综述了微生物和土壤酶在陆地生态系统碳氮磷循环中的作用,以及土壤微生物生物量碳氮磷和土壤酶化学计量对气候变化的响应机制,即:改变微生物代谢速率和酶活性;调整微生物群落结构;调整微生物生物量碳氮磷与土壤酶化学计量特征;改变碳氮磷养分元素利用效率.最后分析当前研究的不足,并提出了该领域亟待解决的科学问题:综合阐明土壤微生物和土壤酶对气候变化的响应机制;探究土壤微生物和胞外酶养分耦合机理;深入探究土壤微生物量和土壤酶化学计量特征对气候变化的适应对策.Microorganisms and soil enzymes are important drivers for biogeochemical cycles in terrestrial ecosystems. Understanding the role of microorganisms in the regulation of ecosystems and the response mechanisms of microbial biomass and soil enzymes to climate change are important topic in ecology. From the perspective of climatic factors,this review introduced the roles of microorganisms and soil enzymes in the carbon,nitrogen and phosphorus cycles of terrestrial ecosystems based on the theory of ecological stoichiometry. Moreover,we synthesized the responses mechanisms of soil microbial and soil enzyme stoichiometry,i.e.,changes of microbial metabolic rate,enzymatic activity,microbial community structure,ecological stoichiometry of soil microbial biomass and soil enzymes,and nutrient use efficiency. Finally,we analyzed the current research inadequacies and proposed the scientific problems in this field,i.e.,to comprehensively elucidate the response mechanism of soil microbes and soil enzymes to climate change; to examine the nutrient coupling mechanism of soil microbes and extracellular enzymes; and to explore the adaptive strategies of C： N： P stoichiometry of soil microbial biomass and soil enzymes to climate change.

关 键 词：生态化学计量 气候变化 土壤微生物 土壤酶 

分 类 号：S154[农业科学—土壤学]