吴鼎昌与一九一九年南北和议  

Wu Dingchang and the 1919 North-South Peace Talks

作　　者：林绪武 王辛刚 

机构地区：[1]南开大学马克思主义学院

出　　处：《历史研究》2018年第3期56-74,共19页Historical Research

基　　金：天津市哲学社会科学规划项目"吴鼎昌与民国社会研究"(TJZL13-007)阶段性成果

摘　　要：1919年的南北和议,吴鼎昌因得到皖系、安福系及徐世昌的支持与认可,被推选为北方代表。作为北方代表团的决策者之一,吴鼎昌多方周旋并争取南北双方妥协,努力推进和议的筹备。在1919年公债、国会等和议具体问题上,吴鼎昌尝试游说北方向南方作出一定妥协,但在遭到皖系反对后,采取强硬态度试图迫使南方让步而未果,最终选择了终止和议的消极方案。南北和议的失败,主要是促进和议的诸多因素没有形成一股占有优势的、推动和议的中心力量,终因均势的多方意见不可调和而破裂。1919年南北和议,不仅仅是对中国旧军阀势力对比发生的变化产生了影响,也是中国社会由旧民主主义革命转向新民主主义革命的重要催化剂之一。In the 1919 North-South peace talks,Wu Dingchang was elected the representative of the North due to the support and recognition he had gained from the Anhui Clique,the Anfu Clique,and Xu Shichang.As one of the decision-makers on the Northern delegation,Wu Dingchang assiduously cultivated the different sides,striving for compromise between them,in an attempt to advance preparations for the talks.In 1919,he tried to lobby for the North's offer of certain compromises to the South on public debt,a legislative assembly and other issues,but when this was opposed by the Anhui Clique,he took a tough stance and tried unsuccessfully to force the South to make concessions.In the end he opted for the negative step of ending the negotiations.The main reason the peace talks failed was that the many factors in their favor did not cohere into a dominant central force that could drive the negotiations.Ultimately,the talks failed because the various participants had irreconcilable differences.Not only did the 1919 North-South peace talks affect the power structure of China's old warlords;they were also an important catalyst for the transition of Chinese society from the old democratic revolution to the new democratic revolution.

关 键 词：吴鼎昌 1919年 南北和议 

分 类 号：K258[历史地理—历史学]