基于ABAQUS固有振动频率模态分析的车床床身结构优化设计  

Optimum Design of Lathe Body Structure Based on ABAQUS Natural Vibration Frequency Modal Analysis

作　　者：王鹏 王莹 曹敏 WANG Peng;WANG Ying;CAO Min(School of Mechanical Engineering,Xi＇an Aeronautical University,Xi＇an 710077,China;Delta Electronics（Jiangsu）Co.,Ltd.,Suzhou 215200,China)

机构地区：[1]西安航空学院机械工程学院,陕西西安710077 [2]中达电子江苏有限公司,江苏苏州215200

出　　处：《铸造技术》2018年第7期1489-1494,共6页Foundry Technology

基　　金：陕西省教育厅科研计划项目资助(17JK0396);机电技术研究所科研基金(JDKYJJ2017)

摘　　要：利用UG对车床床身进行三维建模,在ABAQUS环境下对床身添加约束,进行模态分析,获得床身固有振动频率。通过计算获得精密车床工作时的齿轮啮合振动频率和主轴回转振动频率。结果表明,齿轮啮合振动频率是引起床身共振的主要因素。根据改变床身结构而改变固有振动频率的原理,对床身提出增加床身型腔数量、增加筋板厚度、改变排泄孔几何形状等3种结构优化方案,对优化后的床身再进行模态分析。将床身排泄孔设计为六边形结构,可使床身固有振动频率与机床齿轮啮合振动频率相差最大,并有效地避免了共振。The natural vibration frequency of the lathe body was obtained by adding constraint in the ABAQUS environment and establishing the three-dimensional modeling of the lathe body by UG.The gear meshing vibration frequency and spindle vibration frequency of precision lathe were obtained by analysis and calculation.The results show that the vibration frequency of the gear is mainly caused by the resonance of the body by analyzing.According to the principle for changing the vibration frequency by changing the body structure,three structural optimization schemes are taken,such as increase the number of the cavity,increase the thickness of the rib plate and change the geometry of the discharge hole.By comparing the natural vibration of optimized body dynamic frequency and gear meshing frequency,the drain holes should be designed for hexagonal structure,which makes the body vibration frequency and machine tool gear meshing vibration frequency difference of the large,the resonance is effectively avoided.

关 键 词：车床床身 固有频率 模态分析 优化设计 

分 类 号：TG511[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]