儿童、青少年境遇性晕厥的病因构成及转归  被引量:6

Etiology and prognosis of children and adolescents with situational syncope

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作  者:胡春艳[1,2] 邹润梅 林萍[1] 李芳[1] 杨红[1] 刘平[1] 许毅[1] 谢振武[1] 王成[1] Hu Chunyan;Zou Runmei;Lin Ping;Li Fang;Yang Hong;Liu Ping;Xu Yi;Xie Zhenwu;Wang Cheng(Department of Pediatric Cardiovascular,Children's Medical Center,the Second Xiangya Hospital,Central South Universit;Institute of Pediatrics,Central South University,Changsha 410011,China(Hu CY,Zou RM,Lin P,Li F,Yang H,Liu P,Xu Y,Xie ZW,Wang C;Department of Pediatrics,the Second Affiliated Hospital,University of South China,Hengyang 421001,Hunan Province,China(Hu CY)

机构地区:[1]中南大学湘雅二医院儿童医学中心儿童心血管专科,中南大学儿科学研究所,长沙410011 [2]南华大学附属第二医院儿科,湖南衡阳421001

出  处:《中华实用儿科临床杂志》2018年第13期1008-1012,共5页Chinese Journal of Applied Clinical Pediatrics

基  金:湖南省发展改革委员会[(2015)83];湖南省自然科学基金(2016JJ2167,2018JJ3730)

摘  要:目的回顾性分析单中心儿童、青少年境遇性晕厥的病因构成及转归。方法2000年1月至2017年11月在中南大学湘雅二医院儿童晕厥专科门诊就诊或住院的具有不明原因晕厥、晕厥先兆等直立不耐受症状的儿童、青少年4 274例,年龄2~18岁[(10.82±3.13)岁];男2 208例,女2 066例。经详细询问病史、仔细体格检查、常规12导联心电图、Holter心电图、心脏X线、超声心动图、脑电图、头颅CT或磁共振成像(MRI)、血液生化检查(包括空腹血糖、心肌酶)等排除器质性心、脑、血管疾病等,其晕厥原因仍不明确,在取得患儿和/或监护人书面知情同意后,行直立倾斜试验(HUTT)检查。结果4 274例中符合境遇性晕厥177例(4.14%),病因构成依次为升旗(35.59%,63/177例)、排尿(24.29%,43/177例)、洗澡(9.60%,17/177例)、排便(7.34%,13/177例)、唱歌(5.08%,9/177例)、乘车(4.52%,8/177例)、晕血(3.95%,7/177例)、吞咽(3.39%,6/177例)、梳头(2.82%,5/177例)、晕针(2.26%,4/177例)、咳嗽(1.13%,2/177例)。晕厥时常见体位依次为立位(84.18%,149/177例)、蹲位改立位(8.47%,15/177例)、坐位(5.08%,9/177例)、蹲位(2.26%,4/177例)。HUTT阳性率为69.49%(123/177例),常见血流动力学类型为血管迷走性晕厥血管抑制型(45.20%,80/177例)、血管迷走性晕厥混合型(19.77%,35/177例)、体位性心动过速综合征(3.39%,6/177例)及血管迷走性晕厥心脏抑制型(1.13%,2/177例)。35例境遇性晕厥儿童、青少年经健康教育及直立训练2~16周[(4.97±3.16)周]后晕厥次数明显减少。第1次复查由最初晕厥(2.69±1.81)次减少至(0.59±0.96)次。8例第2次复查,其中3例未再晕厥,3例各晕厥1次,1例晕厥4次,1例晕厥2次。16例第1次复查HUTT结果转为阴性,3例第2次复查转为阴性。结论儿童�ObjectiveTo retrospectively analyze the etiology and prognosis of the children and adolescents with situational syncope in a single center.MethodsThere were 4 274 cases of children and adolescents [aged from 2 to 18 years old, the average age being (10.82 ± 3.13) years old], male 2 208 cases, female 2 066 cases with orthostatic intolerance syndromes, such as unexplained syncope or symptoms of presyncope, etc, who were treated at Children′s Syncope Outpatient Department or Inpatient Department in the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University from January 2000 to November 2017.All subjects underwent detailed history investigation, careful physical examinations, routine 12-lead electrocardiogram, Holter electrocardiogram(ECG), chest X-ray, echocardiography, electroencephalogram(EEG) and head computerized tomography(CT) or magnetic resonance imaging(MRI), blood biochemical examination (including fasting glucose, myocardial enzymes) and organic diseases in the heart, brain, blood vessels were excluded, but the cause of syncope was still not clear.The head-up tilt table test (HUTT) was performed after the patients or/and the families wrote the informed consent agreement.ResultsA total of 177 (4.14%) patients with situational syncope were diagnosed among 4 274 cases.Etiology included the abdominal musecle exercise (35.59%, 63/177 cases), urination (24.29%, 43/177 cases), bathing (9.60%, 17/177 cases), defecation (7.34%, 13/177 cases), singing (5.08%, 9/177 cases), rides (4.52%, 8/177 cases), blood-injection-injury phobia (3.95%, 7/177 cases), swallowing (3.39%, 6/177 cases), and hair-grooming (2.82%, 5/177 cases), syncope during acupuncture treatment (2.26%, 4/177 cases), and cough (1.13%, 2/177 cases). The common positions were upright position (84.18%, 149/177 cases), squatting to standing position (8.47%, 15/177 cases), sitting position (5.08%, 9/177 cases), and squatting position (2.26%, 4/177 cases). HUTT positive

关 键 词:境遇性晕厥 直立倾斜试验 病因 健康教育 转归 儿童 青少年 

分 类 号:R725[医药卫生—儿科]

 

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