电容型海洋电场传感器的探测原理及性能研究  

Study on Detection Principle and Performance of Capacitive Ocean Electric Field Sensor

作　　者：申振[1] 宋玉苏[1] 姜润祥 SHEN Zhen, SONG Yusu, JIANG Runxiang(College of Science, Naval University of Engineering, Wuhan 43003)

机构地区：[1]海军工程大学理学院,武汉430033

出　　处：《材料导报》2018年第A01期128-132,共5页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41476153)

摘　　要：研究了电容型电极探测海洋电场的原理,提出降低放大电路的输入阻抗稳定碳纤维双电层的方法。利用聚丙烯腈碳纤维T300制备了电容型海洋电场电极,使用电化学工作站对电极进了循环伏安测量;使用交流法测量了电极在水槽中的阻抗;根据测量的阻抗选取在放大器输入端并联阻值分别为500Ω、1kΩ、2kΩ的电阻,研究了不同的输入阻抗对碳纤维电极在水下电场的电位稳定性、噪声稳定性和测量性能的影响。实验结果表明碳纤维T300制备的电极在水中呈现电容效应;输入阻抗越小电极电位和噪声稳定越快;稳定后电极自噪声达到1nV/√Hz@1Hz,在信号调理电路输入阻抗为500Ω的情况下,所制备的电极2h后即可达到最佳自噪声性能;电极可准确还原0.001Hz以上的海洋电场。综合而言所制备的碳纤维电极和合适的放大电路输入阻抗结合组成海洋电场传感器满足微弱海洋电场信号的测量和探测装备的快速部署。In this paper,the principle of capacitive electrode for detecting oceanic electric field is studied,and the method of reducing the input impedance of the amplifier circuit to stabilize the double layer of carbon fiber is proposed.The oceanic electric field electrode was prepared by poly-acrylonitrile carbon fiber T300.The electrochemical workstation was used to measure the cyclic voltammetry curve of the electrode,and the impedance of the electrodes in the sink was measured using the AC method.The effects of different input impedance（500Ω,1 kΩ,2 kΩ）on the potential stability,noise stability and measurement performance of the carbon fiber electrode under the underwater electric field were studied.The experimental results show that the electrode prepared by carbon fiber T300 exhibits capacitive effect in water.The smaller the input impedance,the faster stabilizations of the electrode potential and the noise stabilization.After the stabilization,the noise from the electrode reached 1 nV/√Hz@1 Hz.In the signal conditioning circuit input impedance of 500Ω,the prepared electrode can achieve the best self-noise performance;the electrode can accurately restore the ocean electric field signal above 0.001 Hz.All in all,the ocean electric field sensor the prepared carbon fiber electrode and a suitable input impedance of the amplification circuit can satisfied the detection of weak ocean electric field and the rapid deployment of the detection equipment.

关 键 词：碳纤维 海洋电场电极 循环伏安 自噪声 

分 类 号：TJ431.7[兵器科学与技术—火炮、自动武器与弹药工程]