是非曲直,当有明断——新表达论视角下的道德断言阐释  

Interpreting Moral Assertions from the Perspective of Neo-expressivism

作　　者：梅轩 刘龙根[1] MEI Xuan;LIULonggen(School of Foreign Languages,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,Chin)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学外国语学院,上海200240

出　　处：《大连理工大学学报（社会科学版）》2018年第5期123-128,共6页Journal of Dalian University of Technology(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社科基金项目:"雷卡纳蒂语言哲学思想研究"(16BZX071)

摘　　要：道德断言一般并不"描述"现实世界,而是"表达"言者态度。因此,各种形式的传统表达论通常严格区分道德断言与描述性断言,认为道德断言仅表达非认知心理状态而不表达命题。而且,传统表达论者虽承认道德断言与道德动机密切相关,却认为道德断言需借助道德判断或其他媒介才能表达道德动机。新表达论的发展为阐释道德断言提供了一个全新视角,认为道德断言既与描述性断言相似又有其个性特征;道德断言不仅可表达命题、可嵌于复合句,还可通过表达言者意向与信念来表达道德动机。In view of the fact that moral assertions do not generally＂describe＂the world,but＂express＂speakers’attitude instead,traditional expressivism in different forms usually draw a strict distinction between moral assertions and descriptive ones in the belief that the former only express non-cognitive mental states rather than propositions.While recognizing the close connection between moral assertions and moral motivation,traditional expressivists maintain that moral assertions,only with moral judgment or other mediation,are able to express moral motivation.In contrast,Neo-expressivism provides a new perspective for interpreting moral assertions,and it claims that moral assertions not only share properties with descriptive assertions but also exhibit their own characteristics to the effect that moral assertions express propositions and can be embedded in complex sentences,in addition to showing moral motivation through the manifestation of speakers’ intention and belief.

关 键 词：道德断言 新表达论 传统表达论 道德动机 

分 类 号：H030[语言文字—语言学]